NATIVK EDUCATION IX TJIE TKANSKEl . 477 



year at the rate of £4: and those with only Standard \'l quali- 

 fication at the rate of £3. 



After five years' continuous service the j,^ood service allow- 

 ance becomes oi)erative, while j^rants are made, pound for pound, 

 in the purchase of books and sewinjj^ material. 



3. LOCAL CONTRIBUTIONS. 



In the third place the Transkeian Territories' General 

 Council makes grants, based on the Government grants. Thus 

 all principal teachers receive a grant at the rate of 15s. for 

 every £1 of Government grant, and assistant teachers at the 

 rate of 10s. per £1. This arrangement, as has already been 

 pointed out, is not satisfactory for some fully certificated 

 teachers are not principals, and a large number of. uncertificated 

 teachers are princi])als. Thus certificated assistants are gettin.u' 

 less than uncertificated principals, and for that reason it is urged 

 that the higher scale of grant should apply to certification, and 

 not to position, which may mean very little in a small outstation 

 school. 



Originally, it was usual for the Government to supply the 

 grants for salaries, and the missionary did the best he could, 

 with or without the assistance of the headman of the location, 

 to raise a further sum to augment the grant. This amount was 

 called the " local contribution," It was, however, found that 

 much of the missionary's time was spent in the efifort to rouse 

 the headman to a sense of his duty. In some schools the local 

 contribution was (forthcoming; in others only a fraction of the 

 amount was collected. Naturally, this led to a very unsatis- 

 factory condition of affairs since the teacher seldom knew 

 whether he w'ould get his full salary or only a ])ortion thereof. 



4. EFFECT OF COUNCIL SYSTEM ON EDUCATION. 



The development of the Transkeian Territories' General 

 Council has. howe\er, brought about a considerable change in 

 the condition of affairs. Districts elect to form a District 

 Council under the chairmanship of the Magistrate. This in- 

 volves that they submit to the imposition of a los. rate per 

 adult man, the money thus obtained to be spent on education 

 and public works. Every District Council sends representatives 

 to the General Council. This movement has develop-ed steadily, 

 and 21 districts are now represented on this system. 18 in 

 the Transkeian, and three in the Pondoland General Coimcils. 

 In consequence, we have an official body w-ith powers to enforce 

 the collection of the general rate, and this body disburses 

 through the Missionary Sui)erintendent, quarter by quarter, the 

 " local contribution." Jt will p.t once be seen that such an 

 arrangement is of the greatest possible advantage, for now 

 there is certainty where before there was none, and the mis- 

 sionary is freed from the unpleasantness and labour of chasing 

 an elusive heathen headman, who knew nothing of education 



