560 THE CANADIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. 



tion i^rovides fur an A(J\isory Council for the Superintendent 

 which is widely representative of educational interests. The 

 President of the University of Toronto is chairman, the Super- 

 intendent of Education is a member without a vote; there are 

 seven other members representing the Universities, two repre- 

 senting High School Teachers, two representing Public School 

 Teachers, one representing Separate School Teachers, two re- 

 ])resenting Public School Inspectors, and two representing Schot>l 

 Trustees of the Province. This Council is consultative, and 

 confers with the Minister on such subjects onh' as he may 

 stibmit to it or its committees. 



Elementary Education is provided for in Public Schools, 

 and in what are known as Separate Schools for the children of 

 J^oman Catholics. These schools are controlled by Boards of 

 Trustees. The province is divided into school sections for rin"al 

 districts, each with three trustees, and in towns each ward has 

 two trustees, or if there are no wards six trustees are elected. 

 The duties of these trtistees are the provision, e(|uipment and 

 maintenance of schools, engagement of teachers and preparation 

 of financial estimates. The financial support is obtained from 

 three sources, Government (irants. County Rates and Munici])a! 

 Assessments. There is also a certain income from land reserves. 

 The Separate Schools are similarly managed, and under the 

 Act it is ])rovided that any number of heads of families, not 

 less than five, being resident Roman Catholics, mav tmite and 

 establish a Separate School. They then become Separate School 

 supporters, and are exem])ted from the payment of rates for 

 the ordinary public schools. Secondary Education is ])rovided 

 for by High Schools and Colleges, controlled l)y trustees and 

 su]jported financially by Government (Irants. district or nnmi- 

 cipal grants, and fees from students. 



The cost of Elementary Education, as met by Government 

 Grants, is £155,630, 1)y Local Assessments £1,971,276, by income 

 from Land Reserves £805,057, a total of £2,931,963. 



There are many interesting features, such as uniform text- 

 books, and kindred regulations, which testify to a highly-organ- 

 ized .system of education in the i)rovince of Ontaria. 



Manitoba. — This Province difi:"ers from the older parts of 

 the Dominion in that its educational system was subjected at a 

 certain ])eriod of its history to a radical change. The first S3'S- 

 teni, established in 1871. was similar to that of Quebec, with a 

 ,^>entral control consisting of a Board of Education, divided into 

 two sections, Protestant and Roman Catholic, with local manage- 

 ment entrusted to trustees elected by the iniblic. Jn 1890 the 

 Public Schools Act repealed all jirevious legislation, and estab- 

 lished a system of national non-sectarian education throughout 

 the ])rovince. A Minister of Education, advised and assisted 

 by a I )e]>iUy Minister and a Sujx'rintendent, controls education 

 in both I'llementary and .Secondary Schools. riu-se, again, are 

 assisted by an advisory board, consisting of 12 iiiembers, two 

 of whom arc elected by the I'ublic School Teachers of the pro- 



