:;98 TRADE SCHOOLS AS AIDS TO INDUSTRY. 



The same writer arrives at the following conclusions: 



1. There has been, broadly speaking, a difference of ideals between 

 Germany and Britain in organising technical courses. Germany is aiming 

 at beneliting the nation by training properly all the workers through 

 definitely specialised ceiurses. Britain lias organised so that individuals 

 nia}^ secure what they think best for their own advancement. 



2. The fundamental basis of any course of study for technical 

 students nmst be their trade or employment. If this is recognised and 

 acted on in the preliminary years from 14 to t8. there is little danger of 

 work at more advanced stages, even if irregularly organised, being inef- 

 fective. 



3. Germany is aiming at making good citizens and has realised that 

 a good citizen nuist be a good workman. 



4. Germany has come to believe that workshop training alone is 

 insufficient to make a sound industrial nation; that it must be reinforced 

 by adequate education specialised to trades. 



5. This specialised education must include specialised calculations, 

 technology, drawing, and citizenship. Munich also believes in trade work 

 in the compulsory schools, Berlin does not. 



6. Citizenship must be taught to enable the worker to recognise his 

 industrial position in the State, his position with respect to his employer 

 and his fellow-workmen, his family and social duties, the relative position 

 of his trade in his own country and in the world's commerce and industry. 



It must be remembered that the German law, with regard 

 to compulsory continuation classes, aj)plies not onlv to appren- 

 tices, but to ever\- lad. It is claimed that 



The plan of vocational trainiiig in Germany must aim at the diminu- 

 tion of economic waste by ensuring that all occupations, however mean, 

 shall be ))ractised by men who have been taught to do their work scien- 

 tifically. 



\ve see how, in all this orj^anisation, Germany has prepared 

 so thoroughly in her industrial war a_s^ainst the world, and more 

 especially (ireat Britain. Now that we realise the German 

 menace it is incumbent on us all to fight it with her own weapons 

 — organisation, education, and efficiency. 



As a well-known authority has recently said : 



It must be remembered that, after this war is over in a niihtary sense, 

 we shall immediately commence another war of a dift'erent kind, in which 

 the weapons will not be bullets and shells, but our national powers of 

 invention, scientilic research, commercial organisation, manufacturing 

 capabilities and education, and these will be pitted against tliosc of a 

 highly organised Germany, determined to win back in commerce l)y any 

 and every means, fair or f(jul, that which has been lost in war. 



That commercial and industrial war will be waged by our enemies 

 with the same ruthlessness and neglect of all scruples as their military 

 operations. We ha\e said trood-bye now and for ever to those easy-going 

 amateur British methods which have held up in the past. What we 

 require is to obtain a higher percentage of efficiency in all our operations. 

 We have to attain larger and better results in education, scientific 

 research, and industrial work to increase our national output in eVery 



.\ I'K]':]JA'1IN.\RY .\CCOUNT" OF SOME BREEDING 

 EXPERIMICNTS Wmi FOXGLOVES. 



By Prof. Ernest Warren, D.Sc. 



{Not printed.) 



