148 
Leptopyrum, nor in any of the other species placed by the earlier 
botanists under Zsopyrum, and has accordingly been made the 
type of a‘ separate genus, Semiaquilegia, by Makino, Bot. Mag. 
Tokyo xxi. (1902) p 
In addition to the i species described by De Candolle under 
Lsopyrum, the Systema includes at p. 337 a species named by 
Wilidenow (Mag. Gesellsch. Naturf. Freund. Berlin, 1811, 
p. 401. t. 9 £. 6), Agqulegia anemonoides. The early history of this 
graceful plant is somewhat obscure; in the Flora Altaica (1830) 
Ledebour mentions Gebler as the collector, but in the Flora 
Lossica (1842) vol. i. 53 this is corrected, and priority given to 
the elder Schangin,* with a Latin version of Schangin’s appre- 
ciation of the ‘‘ beautiful dwarf Columbine,” which his Journals 
(in Pallas, Nordische Beitrage vi. 55 publ. 1793) show him to 
have discovered on ‘‘inaccessible’’ ledges at the head-waters of 
the Korgon, an affluent of the Irtish in the Western Altai. 
The same species is stated by Ledebour (Flora Ross. i. 58) to 
have been in Stephan’ s herbarium, named in manuscript as 
** Aquilegia minuta.’’ It was communicated a Fischer probably 
to Willdenow, who referred it to Aquilegia. Fischer, however, 
placed the species in Zsopyrum, and it was published (1824) in 
the Prodromus i. 48 as Eoogeuti grandiflorum, Fisch. in litt., 
although on p. 51 of the same work he included ‘‘ Aquilegia 
anemonoides’’ on the authority of Willdenow. A note by Ben- 
tham in his interleaved copy of the Prodromus, now at Kew, 
shows that in 1828+ Arnott —— from Fischer ‘that his Z sopy- 
rum grandiflorum and Willde ““ Aquilegia anemonoides 
were one and the same thing. Baaeitgly in the Flora Ries 
(Berlin 1830) vol. ii. p. 299, Ledebour included J. grandiflorum. 
De Candolle, following A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. Plant. ( 1789) 
p- 233, improved the definition of the genus Zsopyrum, treating 
in the Systema (i. 323) the ‘‘ nectaries’’ as petals, and the 
petals” of the older botanists as sepals, and providing a suffi- 
ot Lon line a division as against Helleborus in the deciduous ms 
of sop 
ime 
keen student of natural elatory, aaa a good botanist; in 1786 he conducted 
an exploration ot the Altai Mts. primarily in search of Japis lazuli 
quarries; his report sssetades a masterly account of the geography and 
on tho Flora of the upper Irtish basin, with full and highly interesting notes 
on the 
+ Atten — probably been aroused by the appearance of Sprengel’s 
Systema “Ke ii. (1825), which included both * ch. 
Cand.’, and ‘ ee ilegia anemonoides, W.’ dies iets ease 
Noviciae Frdiece pp. 105-129. 
