14 



MAGNOLIACE^. 



Woods. Can. to Flor. W. to Texas. July, Aug. %.— Stem 3—8 feet high. 

 Racemes 6 — 10 inches long, somewhat panicled. Flowers greenish-white. 

 Has a very fetid smell. Medicinal. Black Snake-root. 



16. ZANTHORIZA. Linn.— Yeilovf Root. 

 (From the Greek ^^avdoi, yellow, and pt^a, a root.) 



Calyx deciduous, 5-sepalled. Petals 5, of 2 roundish gland- 

 like lobes, raised on a pedicel. Stamens 5 — 10. Ovaries 5—15, 

 pwnted with the curved styles. Follicles membranaceous, com- 

 pressed, usually 1 -seeded. 



Z. apiifolia VHerit. 



Banks of streams. Penn. to Geor. W. to Texas. May. \i. — Suffruticose. 

 Root large, yellow. Stem 2—3 feet high. Leaves bipinnate. Flowers in ra- 

 cemes, dark purple. Yellow Root. 



Order II. MAGNOLIACE^.— Magnoliads. 



Sepals 3 — 6, deciduous. Petals 3 — 27, in several rows. 

 Stamens indefinite, distinct, hypogynous ; anthers adnate, long. 

 Ovaries numerous ; style short ; stigma simple. Fruit either 

 dry or succulent, consisting of numerous carpels, which are ar- 

 ranged upon an elongated axis. Seeds solitary or several. — 

 Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, coriaceous. Flowers large, 

 solitary, often odoriferous. 



1. MAGNOLIA. Linn.— MagnoMa. 

 (In honor of Prof. Magnol, a French botanist.) 

 Sepals 3, deciduous. Petals 6 — 12, in concentric series. 

 Oarpels 1 — 2-seeded, persistent, forming a strobile-like fruit. 

 Seeds coated with a fleshy arillus, suspended by a long slen- 

 der fimiculus. 



1. M. glauca Linn. : leaves perennial, oblong or oval, petiolate, glau- 

 cous beneath ; flowers 9 — 12 petalled ; petals obovate, concave. 



Swamps. Mass. to Flor. W. to Miss. May, June. — A shrub or tree 

 10 — 15, sometimes 30 feet high, with a smooth whitish bark. Flowers terminal, 

 on thick peduncles, white, 2—3 inches broad, very fragrant. The bark is aro- 

 matic and bittef . Sweet Bay. 



2. M. acuminata Linn. : leaves deciduous, oval, acuminate, pubescent 

 beneath ; flowers 6 — 9 petalled ; petals obovate, somewhat obtuse. 



Woods. N. Y. to Geor. June, July. A middle sized tree, sometimes, how- 

 ever, attaining the height of 70 feet. Flowers of a dull yellow color, sometimes 

 6 — 8 inches in diameter, glaucous externally. Fruit when green resembling a 

 young cucumber. Bark aromatic. Cucumber Tree. 



3. M. tripetala Linn. : leaves deciduous, cuneate-lanceolate," acute, silky 

 when young; petals 9, oval-lanceolate, acute, the outer ones reflected. 

 M. UmJyrella Linn. 



