BERBERIDACEiE. 17 



wi-th 2 — 3 teeth. Berry 2 — 3 -seeded. Seeds 2, rarely 3, in- 

 serted laterally at the base of the cell. 



B. vulgaris Linn. : spines 3~parted ; leaves simple, obovate, attenuate 

 at base, closely serrate with bristly teeth ; racemes many-flowered, pendu- 

 lous ; petals entire . JS. Canadensis Pursh. Nutt. 



Road sides and fielc^ Throughout the U. S. and Can. April, May. T^. — 

 A shrub 4 — 6 feet high. Leaves alternate. Flowers in pendulous racemes, pale 

 yellow. Berries red, and of an agreeable acid. Supposed to have been intro- 

 duced from Europe. At all events the American, is exactly similar to the Eu- 

 ropean, plant. , Common Barberry. 



2. LEONTICE. Linn.— Lion's Foot. 



(Abridged from the Greek XeovTanera'Sov ; the leaf resembling the print of a 

 lion's foot.) 



Sepals 6, naked without. m^Petals 6, bearing a scale at the 

 base within. Capsules 2 — 4-seeded. Seeds globose, inserted 

 into the bottom of the capsule. 



L. thalictroides Linn. : lower leaf triternate, upper one biternate ; leafets 

 oblong ovate and cuneate-obovate, mostly 3-lobed at the apex ; flowers 

 paniculate ; peduncle from the base of the upper petioles. Caulophyllum 

 thalictroides. Mich. 



Rocky woods. Throughout the U. S. and Can. April, May. % — Stem a 

 foot liigh, purplish and glaucous when young. Leaves mostly 2. Flowers 

 small, greenish-yellow. Seeds deep blue, globose, contracted below into a 

 long stipitate base. Whole plant turns almost black in drying. 



Blue Cohosh. 



3. PODOPHYLLUM. Linn.— May Apple. 



(.From the Greek novs,foot, and ^vXXov, a leaf; the leaf resembling a web 

 foot.) 



Sepals 3, caducous. Petals 6 — 9. Stamens 12 — 18. Stig- 

 ma large, subsessile, peltate, persistent. Berry somewhat fleshy, 

 not dehiscent. Seeds many. 



P. peltatum Linn. : stem erect, 2-leaved, 1-flowered ; fruit oval. 



Woods. Throughout the U. S. and Can. May. %..—Stem a foot high, 2- 

 leaved, 1-flowered. Leaves large, peltate, palmate-lobed. Flower solitary in 

 the fork of the petiole, pendulous, white. Fruit an inch to an inch and a half 

 long, yellowish when mature, pulpy and succulent. Its root is often used'as a 

 substitute for jalap. See Big. ^ Bart. Med. Bot. and Schneck's Exper. Inq. ^c. 

 N. Y. Med. and Phys. Jour. ii. 30. May Apple. Mandrake. 



4. JEFFERSONIA. J?ar^.— Twin-leaf. 

 {ln\ionor oi Thomas Jefferson.) 



Sepals 4, petaloid. Petals 8, oblong. Capsules obovate, 

 Bemicircularly dehiscent. Seeds many, arillate at base. 

 J. diphylla Pers. J. Bartonis Mich. 

 Western and Northern N. Y. Penn. Virg. and Tenn. May. %.— Scape a 



