132 



UMBELLIFERiE. 



Wet grounds. N. J. ? to Geor. W. to Texas. Aug. %.—Stem 2^-3 (some 

 times 4— -6) feet high, smooth, dichotomous above. Leaves variable in breadth. 

 FloviCTs white or pale blue. Medicinal. See Ell. Sk. i. 343. 



Button Snake-root. 



2. E. Virginianum Lam. : leaves linear-lanceolate, elongated, slightly 

 serrate, tapering at each end ; flowers in large terminal umbels or cymes ; 

 leafets of the involucre 7 — 8, longer than the heads, 3-cleft or dentate- 

 spiny, whitish beneath. E. aquaticum Mich. 



Marshes. N. J. to Flor. W. to Texas. July, Aug. (^.—Stem 2 — 5 feet 

 high, cymosely branched at the summit, hollow. Heads numerous, nearly an 

 inch in diameter, pale blue or nearly white. Virginian Eryngo. 



** Umbels compound or perfect. 

 6. CICUTA. Z/iwi.— Cowbane. 



(A Latin name applied to a hollow stem or intemodes ; such as occur in this 

 genus.) 



Calyx with the margin 5 -toothed. Petals obcordate, reflexed. 

 Fruit roundish, didymous, laterally contracted. Carpels with 

 5 equal flattish ribs ; the lateral ones margined. — General in- 

 volucre none or few-leaved ; partial one many-leaved. 



1. C. maculata Lin7i. : stem spotted ; lower leaves tri-ternate and qui- 

 nate ; upper bi-ternate ; segments lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 mucronate-serrate ; umbels large, axillary and terminal ; partial involucre 

 of 5 — 6 setaceous leaves. 



Wet grounds. Can. to Geor. W. to Oregon. July, Aug. %. — Stem 4 — 6 

 feet high, terete, smooth. Petals white, obcordate. Poisonous and medicinal. 

 Big. Med. Bot. i. 125. Spotted Cowbane. Water Hemlock. 



2. C. bulbifera Linn. : leaves various, ternate and bi-ternate ; leafets 

 linear and linear-lanceolate, remotely toothed ; umbels small, axillary and 

 terminal ; partial involucre of 3 — 5 subulate leaves ; axils of the leaves 

 bulbiferous. 



Swamps. Can. to Penn. ; rare. Aug. %. — Stem 2 — 3 feet high, smooth 

 and slender. Umbels small. Flowers white. Bulb-bearing Covdbane. 



7. ZIZIA. Ki>cA.— Meadow. Parsnip. 

 (In honor of J. B. Zizii, a German botanist.) 

 Calyx with the margin obsolete or very short, 5 -toothed. 

 Petals elliptic, attenuated into a long inflexed point. Fruit 

 laterally contracted, subdidymous, roundish or oval. Carpels 

 with 5 prominent equal ribs ; the lateral ribs margined. — Gen- 

 eral involucre none ; partial one few-leaved. 



1. Z. aurea Koch. : lower leaves bi-ternate, upper bi-ternate or ternate; 

 segments oblong-lanceolate, attenuate at base, incisely serrate ; partial in- 

 volucre 3-leaved, unilateral. Smyrnium aureum Linn. 



Rocky hills. Can. to Geor. W. to Miss. June, July. %.—Ste7n about 2 feet 

 high, branching at the top. Umbel 10 — 15-rayed ; partial rays short. Flowers 

 briglit yellow. Fruit blackish. Golden Alexanders. 



2. Z. cordata Koch. : radical leaves undivided, cordate, crenatc, on long 



