140 ARALIACE^. 



ribs ; the lateral ribs margined. — Involucres 3- — 5-leaved -, par- 

 tial one dimidiate or unilateral. 



C. maculatum Linn. : stem erect, branched, smooth and spotted ; leaves 

 large, tri-pinnate ; leafets lanceolate, pinnatifid ; ultimate segments acute ; 

 general and partial umbels many-rayed ; general involucre of several short 

 lanceolate leaves; partial one few-leaved, linear-lanceolate, directed to 

 one side. 



Road sides. Can. and the U. S. July. @. — Stent 2 — 4 feet high. Leaves 

 smooth and shining. Flowers white, numerous. Probably introduced. Whole 

 plant highly poisonous ; fetid when bruised. Medicinal. Big. Med. Bot. i. 113. 



Poison Hemlock. 



Order LXI. ARALIACEJE.— Ivyworts. 



Calyx superior, entire or toothed. Petals definite, 5 — 10, 

 valvate in aestivation, occasionally none. Stamens as many or 

 twice as many as the petals. Ovary many-celled. Fruit suc- 

 culent or dry, of several-seeded cells. Seeds pendulous ; albu- 

 men fleshy. — Trees, shrubs or herbaceous plants, with the 

 habit of the TJmbelliferae. 



1. ARALIA. Linn. — Aralia. 

 (Origin of the name unknown.) 

 Calyx with the margin very short, 5 -toothed or entire. Pe- 

 tals 5, spreading. Stamens 5. Styles 5, spreading. Berry 

 5-celled. — Umbels often panicled. 



1. A. nudicaulis Linn. : nearly stemless ; leaf mostly solitary, tri-quinate ; 

 leafets sessile, oblong-oval, acute, serrate, smooth ; scape shorter than the 

 leaf, 3-cleft at the top ; umbels few, small, on long peduncles, without in- 

 volucres. 



Rocky woods. Labrador to Car. W. to the Rocky Mountains. June, July. 

 %. — Root thick and creeping, aromatic. Flowers small, 3-umbelled, greenish- 

 white. Wild Sarsaparilla. 



2. A. racemosa Linn. : stem herbaceous, branched ; petioles 3-parted ; 

 divisions ternate and quinate ; leafets ovate, often cordate, acuminate, 

 sharply serrate, mostly smooth; umbels numerous, compound, in large 

 axillary panicles ; involucre small, few-leaved. 



Woods. Can. to Geor. W. to the Rocky Mountains. June — Aug. T^. — 

 Stem 3 — 5 feet high, with spreading branches. Flowers greenish- white, in 

 panicles 4 — 8 inches long. The root is highly aromatic, and is sometimes used 

 for medicinal purposes. Spikenard. 



3. A. hispida Mich. : low, suffruticose ; stem and petioles hispid ; leaves 

 doubly pinnate ; leafets oblong-ovate, sharply serrate, unarmed ; umbels 

 axillary and terminal, on long peduncles. 



Rocky woods. Hudson's Bay to Virg. July. T^ . — Stem 1 — 2 feet high, with 

 stiff and thick bristles at the base. Flowers greenish-white, in spreading umbels, 



WUd Elder. 



