VALERIANACE^. 153 



9. G. boreale Linn. : stem erect, branched above, smoothish ; leaves in 

 fours, linear-acute or linear-lanceolate, 3-nerved, smooth, margin involute 

 and scabrous ; flowers in a divaricate terminal panicle. C. septentrio iiale 

 R. tj". S. 



Dry w^oods. Arct. Amer. to Penn. W. to Oregon. July, Aug. %. — Stem 

 1 — 2 feet high. Flowers whitfi, in a crow^ded terminal panicle. The whole 

 plant is somewhat glaucous. Northern Bedstraw. 



Order LXVII. VALERIANACE^.— Valerianworts. 



Calyx with a limb of various kinds either membranous or 

 resembling pappus. Corolla tubular, regular or irregular, 

 sometimes calcarate at the base. Stamens 1 — 5. Ovary in- 

 ferior, 1 — 3-celled; style fihform ; stigmas 1 — 3. Fruit dry, 

 indehiscent, with 1 fertile cell and 2 empty ones. Seed desti- 

 tute of albumen. — Herbaceous plants. Leaves opposite, with- 

 out stipules. Flowers in cymes or panicles. 



1. FEDIA. ikfe/tc/i.— Corn-Salad. 

 (Origin of the name uncertain.) 



Calyx with the limb toothed and persistent or obsolete. 

 Corolla not spurred ; the limb 5-lobed, regular or slightly ir- 

 regular. Stamens 2 or 3. Stigmas entire, 2 or 3-lobed. 

 Fruit 3-celled ; 2 cells empty (sometimes confluent into one) 

 the other 1 -seeded. 



F. Fagopyrttm Torr. d^ Gr. : fruit triangular, with an ovate outline, 

 nearly smooth when mature, obsoletely 2 — 3-toothed at the apex ; lateral 

 angles acute, the anterior somewhat obtuse ; upper leaves mostly entire 

 and rather acute. F. radiata Torr. Fl. Valerianella radiata Deck Bot. 

 1st Ed. ^ 



Swampy grounds. Western N. Y. to Mich, and Ken. May. (1). ^ — Stem 

 6 — 18 inches high, dichotomous above. Leaves somewhat glaucous ; the lower- 

 most spatulate, the uppermost lanceolate-oblong. Flowers white. Corolla and 

 fruit larger than in F. radiata. Perhaps introduced. Buckwheat Corn-salad. 



2. VALERIANA. T<mr?i.— Valerian. 

 (From the Latin valeo, to he powerful ; on account of its medicinal eflfects.) 



Calyx with the limb involute and at length evolved in a 

 deciduous plumous pappus. Corolla with the tube obconic or 

 cylindric, equal or gibbous at base, the limb obtusely 5 -cleft. 

 Stamens 3. Fruit indehiscent, 1-celled, 1-seeded. 



V. sylvatica Richardson : smooth ; stem slightly striate, simple ; radical 

 leaves ovate or oblong-spatulate, entire or slightly lobed at base, on slender 

 petioles ; cauline pinnate ; leafets lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, entire or 

 obscurely serrate : flowers all perfect and similar, in a cyme which is at 



7* ■ 



