COMPOSITE. 175 



Torrey and Gray, they are only known as cultivated plants and their characters 

 are very obscure. » Canadian Golden-rod. 



2. S. serotina Ait. : stem very smooth and often glaucous ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, acuminate, acutely serrate, 3-nerved, very smooth except the veins 

 beneath, margin and upper surface rough ; racemes paniculate, secund ; 

 peduncles slender, pubescent ; rays numerous, short. 



Low grounds. Can. Nearly throughout the U. S. W. to Oregon. Sept., Oct. 

 %. — Stem 4 — 8 feet high, terete, sometimes purplish. Heads middle-sized ; 

 rays 9 — 12. Distinguished from S. Canadensis by ^ smooth stem, and from 

 S. gigantea by its rough leaves. Lme-fiowering Golden-rod. 



3. (S. arguta Ait : smooth ; stem strict ; radical and lower cauline leaves 

 large, elliptic- or lanceolate-oval, obscurely 3-nerved, sharply serrate, acu- 

 minate, tapering into winged and somewhat ciliate petioles ; the others 

 lanceolate, tapering at each end, sessile, sparingly serrate or entire; racemes 

 dense, at length elongated" and recurved, forming a corymbose panicle; 

 scales of the involucre oblong, rather obtuse, much appressed. (S. ciliaris 

 Wiild. S. jimcea A,it. 



Woods and fields. N. Y. and Penn. to Car. N. to Subarct. Amer. W. to Miss. 

 Aug., Sept. %.. — Stem 2 — 4 feet high, terete, sometimes purfvl*^. Heads small, 

 very numerous, arranged in a long racemose corymbose panicle which is at 

 length spreading. According to Torrey and Gray, S. juncea Ait. is a variety 

 with narrower leaves. Sharp-toothed Golden-rod. 



4. (S. gigantea Ait. : stem erect, smooth ; leaves smooth on both sides, lan- 

 ceolate, attenuate at both ends, serrate, scabrous on the margin, 3-nerved ; 

 racemes paniculate, secund, spreading ; peduncles hirsute ; rays a little 

 longer than the disk. 



Fields arid woods. Can. to Ala. W. to Oregon. Aug., Sept. % — Stem 4 — 7 

 feet high, purplish, and with the leaves quite smooth. Heads rather large. 



Tall Smooth Golden-rod. 



2, Leaves veined. 



5. (S. linoides Soland : smooth ; stem simple ; leaves lanceolate, finely 

 appressed-serrate, wdth scabrous margins ; radical and lower cauHne acute 

 or acuminate at both ends, on slender ciliate petioles ; upper oblong, some- 

 times entire ; panicle small, turned to one side ; scales of the involucre ob- 

 long-linear, obtuse (^Torr d^ Gr.^ 



Sphagnous swamps. Mass. and N. J. Sept., Oct. %. — Stem 12 — ^20 inches 

 high, slender. Heads small ; rays 1 — 3, short ; the disk flowers 4-— 5. 



Tlax-like Golden-rod. 



6. S. altissima Linn. : stem erect, hispid with rough hair ; leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, coarsely serrate, very 

 scabrous, rugose-veined; racemes paniculate, spreading or recurved; rays 

 7 — 10. S. altissivia, aspera, rugosa and villosa Pursh. (according to 

 Torr. (^ Gr.) 



Fields and woods. Can. and throughout the U. S. Aug., Sept. 1\..—Stevi 

 3 — 7 feet high, robust and hairy, often purplish. Leaves sometimes thin and 

 nearly smooth above, softly hairy on the veins beneath, {S. villosa ;) or reticu- 

 lated and very rugose, iS. rugosa.) Heads rather small. 



Tatt Rough Golden-rod. 



7. (S. Muhlenbergii Torr. tf« Gr. : stem smooth, angled ; leaves large 

 and thin, very smooth on both sides, sharply serrate ; radical on vnnged 



