186 COMPOS IT.E. 



high, dichotomously branched above. Heads niiddle-sized, on long peduncles, 

 Bolitary, or in a loose fastigiate corymb ; rays 10 — 15, 2— 3-toothed, yellow ; 

 disk dark purple, conic. Common Ox-eye 



31. RUDBECKIA. Linn.— Rndheckia. 



(In honor of Olaus Rudbech, Professor of Botany at Upsal, in Sweden, who 

 died in 1702.) 



Heads many-flowered; ray-flowers neutral, in a single se- 

 ries, ligulate ; those of the disk tubular, perfect. Scales of the ' 

 involucratin two series, leafy, spreading. Receptacle conic or 

 elongated ; the chaff acute, concave or boat-form. Achenia 

 quadrangular. Pappus hone or minute and coroniform. 



1. R. fulgida Alt.: stem hispid, the branches long and virgate; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, denticulate, hispid, narrowed and sUghtly cordate at base, 

 acuminate ; scales of the involucre as long as the rays ; chaff lanceolate. 

 R. chrysomela Mich. 



Fields and mountain woods. Penn. to Flor. July — Oct. %.. — Stem 2 — 3 feet 

 high, branched. Heads small, solitary and terminal ; rays orange-yellow, 2-cleft 

 at the summit ; disk purple, nearly hemispheric. Small-flowered Rudbeckia. 



2. jR. hirta Linn. : very hirsute ; stem virgate, sparingly branched ; lower 

 leaves spatulate-oval, 3-nerved, denticulate, petioled ; upper ovate-lanceo- 

 late, sessile ; scales of the involucre nearly equalling the rays ; chaff of the 

 receptacle linear. 



Meadows. Can. and N. Y. to Flor. W. to Texas. July— Sept. %.—Ste7n 

 2 — 3 feet high, scabrous and hairy. Heads middle-sized, soUtary, terminal; 

 rays 14, bifid, hairy, pale yellow ; disk dark-purple, conic. Hairy Rudbeckia. 



3. R.Jriloba Linn.: hairy-hispid; stem paniculate; leaves lanceolate, 

 acuminate at each end, serrate ; the lower 3-lobed ; scales of the involucre 

 linear, shorter than the rays. 



Dry soils. Can. to Flor. W. to Miss. July— Sept. %.— Stem 4^-5 feet high. 

 Heads numerous, on the summits of the branches ; rays about 8, yellow ; disk 

 dark purple. Three-lohed Rudbeckia. 



4. R. speciosa Wender. : stem hirsute or hispid, with elongated naked 

 branches ; leaves roughish-hirsute or pubescent, coarsely toothed or incised ; 

 upper lanceolate, sessile ; lower ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acumi- 

 natei at both ends, petioled ; scales of the involucre about half as long as 



ae rays; pappus coroniform. {Torr. (^ Gr!) 



Mountains. Penn. to Ohio. Aug.— Oct. %. — Larger than R. fulgida. 

 Radical leaves on long petioles, 5-nerved. Heads large and showy ; rays nume- 

 rous, oblong-linear, elongated, bright yellow ; disk conoid-globose, black-purple. 



Showy Rudbeckia. 



5. R. laciniata Linn. : stem tall, smooth, branching ; leaves somewhat 

 hairy and scabrous ; lower pinnate, the segments .3 — 5-lobed or incised, 

 sometimes laciniate; uppermost lanceolate or ovate, incisely toothed or 

 entire ; pappus toothed. R. lavigata and R. digitata Pursh. 



Borders of swamps. Can. to Ala. W. to near the Rocky Mountains. July — 

 Sept. — Stem 4 — 6 feet high. Leaves gradually less and less divided from the 

 radical to the uppermost ones. Heads rather large, in a loose terminal panicle; 

 rays bright yellow, about twice as long as the involucre, oblanceolate, drooping ; 

 «&A greenish-yellow, conic. Tall Rudbeckia. Cone Flower. 



