204 COMPOSITE. 



L. major Gccrt. : scales of the involucre subulate, smooth or with a cob- 

 web-like down; lower leaves cordate, petiolate; cauline ovate. Arctium 

 Lappa Linn. 



Waste grounds, road sides, &c. N. S. July— Oct. %.—Stem stout, 3 — 4 feet 

 high. Radical leaves very large, (often 1 — ^2 feet long and a foot wide,) wavy on 

 the margin. Jfeatfe globose, numerous, often clustered. jFZowjer.'? purple. Invo- 

 lucres with hooked scales, by which they are fastened to clothes and the coats 

 of animals. Introduced from Europe. Common Burdock. 



Suborder II. LIGULIFLORJE. 



Flowers all ligulate and perfect. 



VI. CicHORACE^. Style cylindrical above ; its branches rather long 

 and obtuse, equally pubescent. 



58. CICHORIUM. Tawm.— Succory. 

 (Said to be derived from the Arabic Chikouryeh.) 

 Heads many-flowered. Involucre double ; the outer of about 

 5 short scales ; inner long, 8 — 10-leaved. Receptacle flattish, 

 naked or slightly hairy. Achenia somewhat compressed, smooth, 

 striate. Pappus of numerous very short and somewhat obtuse 

 scales, in one or two series. 



C. Intybus Linn. : lower leaves runcinate, scarious-hispid on the mid- 

 rib ; upper lanceolate, nearly entire ; heads axillary, sessile, mostly 2 — 3 

 together. 



Old fields and road sides. N. S. July — Sept. — Stem 2—3 feet high, with 

 numerous rough branches. Heads axillary, mostly in pairs, sessile. Flowers 

 bright blue or purplish. The roots are largely used for the purpose of adulteratuig 

 cofiee. Introduced from Europe. Succory or Chicory. 



59. KRIGIA. Schreb.~DwsiT£ Dandelion. 

 (In honor of David Kreig, a German botanist.) 



Heads many-flowered, (15 — 30). Involucre in a single 

 series, with 8 — 12 scales. Receptacle naked. Achenia turbi- 

 nate, somewhat pentagonal, not beaked. Pappus in a double 

 series ; the outer of 5 broad, short, chaffy scales ; inner of 5 

 long scabrous bristles, alternating with the scales. 



K. Virginica Willd. : somewhat glaucous ; primary leaves roundish, 

 entire ; the succeeding ones lyrate, nearly smooth ; heads solitary, on scapes 

 which are finally longer than the leaves. Cynthia Virginica Beck Bol. 

 \st Ed. Hyoseris Virginica Linn. 



Fields and dry soils. Can. to Flor. W. to Texas. May— Aug. (£).— Scapes 

 2 — 10 inches high, often several from one root. Head solitary, terminal, small. 

 Flowers deep yellow. This plant continues in flower for some time ; during 

 which it varies greatly in the length of the scape. K. dichotoma of Nuttall, al- 

 though marked as distinct by De CandoUe, can be nothing more than a va- 

 riety of this species. Dtixirf Dandf-linn. 



