CAMPANULACE^. . 211 



lobes of the corolla ; anthers distinct. Style covered with col- 

 lecting hairs. Capsule 2 — 3, several-celled, opening by apertures 

 or valves. Seeds numerous ; embryo in the axis of fleshy albu- 

 men. — Herbaceous plants, with a milky juice. Leaves alter- 

 nate, without stipules. Flowers usually showy. 



1. CAMPANULA. Linn.— BeW Flower. , 

 (From the Latin campanula, a little bell ; in reference to the shape of the flower.) 



Calyx 5 -cleft. Corolla 5-lobed or 5 -cleft, usually campanu- 

 late. Stamens 5, free. Filaments broad and membranaceous at 

 base. Stigmas 3 or 5, filiform. Capsule 3 — 5 -celled, opening 

 by 3 — 5 lateral valves. 



1. C. rohindifolia Linn. : radical leaves petioled, reniform-cordate, cre- 

 nate or cut ; cauline linear, entire ; segments of the calyx subulate, about 

 one-third as long as the campanulate corolla. 



Rocky banks. Arct. Amer. to Penn. W. to tlie Rocky Mountains. June, 

 July. %. — Stems 8 — 12 inches high, erect or assurgent, sometimes branched 

 from the base, or several from one root. Radical leaves cordate, (withering early.) 

 Flowers few, large, blue, in a loose terminal panicle or raceme. 



Flax Bell-jlov)er. Harebell. 



2. C. Americana Linn. : leaves ovate-lanceolate, much acuminate, unci- 

 nately-serrate ; lowest often somewhat cordate, contracted into a petiole at 

 base ; flowers in a teri^inal-leafy spike ; segments of the calyx linear- 

 acuminate, shorter than the somewhat rotate corolla. C. acumi7iata Mich. 



Moist shady places. N. Y. to Geor. W. to Mich. July, Aug. %.—Stem 

 2 — 3 feet high, simple or slightly branched. Flowers numerous, blue, sessile, 

 2 — 3 together in the axils of the leaves. • American Bell-flower. 



3. C. aparinoides Pursh. : stem slender, much branched, acutely-angled ; 

 angles with the margin and nerves of the leaves aculeate backwards ; leaves 

 L/near-lanceolate, sessile, somewhat crenate-serrate, smooth above ; pedicels 

 slender, flexuous ; lobes of the calyx triangular, one-third as long as the 

 campanulate corolla. C. erinoides Muhl. 



Wet meadows. Can. to Car. W. to Ohio. June, July, (p? — Stem about a 

 foot high, weak. Flowers very small, white, nodding. Prickly Bell-flower 



2. SPECULARIA. D. C— Specularia. 



(From the ancient name of one of the species, Speculum Veneris.) 



Calyx 5-lobed, by abortion 3 — 4-lobed ; the tube elongated, 

 prismatic or obconic. Corolla rotate, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, free. 

 Filaments membranaceous, hairy, shorter than the anthers. 

 Stigmas 3. Capsule elongated, prismatic, 3 -celled, opening 

 laterally by 3 valves near the summit. 



iS. perfoliata D.C. : stem simple, angular ; angles hispid ; leaves roundish- 



