248 BORAGINACE^. 



Herbaceous plants or shrubs, with round stems. Leaves alter- 

 nate, often rough, without stipules. Flowers usually in one- 

 sided spikes or racemes. 



1. LITHOSPERMUM. jLwm.-Gromwell. 



(From the Greek \i9os, a stone, and (mtpiia, seed ; on account of the stony 

 hardness of its seeds or nuts.) 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla funnel-form, 5-lobed; the throat 

 naked, rarely with minute scales. Nuts imperforate at base, 

 shining, smooth or rugose. 



1 . L. arvense Linn'. : stem erect, branched ; leaves sessile, lineair-lanceo- 

 late, rather acute, veinless, rough, hairy ; calyx a little shorter than the 

 corolla, at length spreading ; nuts rugose. 



Fields. N. Y. and Mass. to Del. W. to Ohio. 3Iay. Q.— Plant hispid- 

 pilose. Stem 12 — 18 inches high, more or less branched. Flowers solitary, 

 axillary, white. Calyx with the segments thrice as long as the fruit. Intro- 

 duced from Europe. Corn Gromwell. 



2. L. officinale Linn, : stem erect, much branched, covered with rigid 

 hairs ; leaves broad-lanceolate, acute, nerved, rough above, hairy beneath ; 

 tube of the corolla as long as the calyx ; nuts smooth. 



Dry waste places. N. Y. and Mass; to Penn. and Ohio.. May. %. — Stem 

 12 — 18 inches high, often branched and diffuse. Flowers pale yellow, in leafy 

 spike-Uke racemes. Nuts whitish-brown, highly polished. Introduced from 

 Europe. Ccrr.mon Gromwell. 



2. BATSCHIA. Gm^l.—Pnccoon. - 

 (In honor of John George Batsch, a German botanist of the last century.) 

 Calyx 5-parted. Corolla salver-form, rather large ; tube 

 straight, much longer than the calyx, closed at the base by a 

 bearded ring ; orifice naked or partially closed ; the limb nearly 

 flat, with 5 rounded lobes. Stamens very short. Nuts smooth 

 and shining, not perforate at the base. 



1 . B. canescens Mich. : stem erect, simple, villous ; leaves oblong-lanceo- 

 late, obtuse, slightly mucronate, silky above, subvillous beneath ; tube of 

 the corolla as long again as the calyx. Anchusa canescens MuJd. Litho- 

 spermum caTiescens Lehm. 



Hills. Subarct. Amer. to Virg. W. to Miss. June, July. n.—Stem 8—12 

 inches high. Flowers axillary, crowded near the top of the stem, bright orange. 

 Found near Fairfield, N. Y. by Prof. Hadley. Used by the Indians as a red 

 dye. Common Puccoon. Alkanet. 



2. B. Gmelini Mich. : plant hirsute ; stem simple ; leaves linear-lanceo- 

 lale, hairy on both sides, ciliate ; floral ones ovate-lanceolate ; segments of 

 the calyx linear, hairy, scarcely as long as the tube of the corolla. B. 

 Caroliniensis Gmel. Anchusa hirta Muhl. Lithospermu7n hiriuvi Lehm. 



Woods. Penn. to Car. June, July. %■. — StemS — 12 inches high. Flowers 

 in a terminal raceme, orange. Gmelin's Puccoon. 



