CUPULIFERiE. 329 



lobed, pubescent beneath; lobes oblong, obtuse, obscurely toothed, mucro 

 nate ; cup flat, tapering at base ; acorn ovoid-globose. 



Woods. Can. to Geor. W. to Miss. May.— One of the largest species of 

 oak, sometimes attaining the height of 70 or 80 feet, covered with a rough black- 

 ish bark, from whence it has derived its common name. It is highly valued on 

 account of its timber, as well as its bark. Black Oak. Quercitron. 



8. Q. discolor Ait. : leaves oblong, pinnatifid-sinuate, pubescent beneath ; 



lobes oblong, toothed, setaceously mucronate ; cup turbinate ; acorn ovoid. 



Q. tinctoria sinuosa Mich.f. 



Forests. Penn. to Car. May. — A large tree, resembling the preceding, and 

 also Q. coccinea, but differs in having the young leaves covered with down. It 

 is still, however, doubtful whether it is really distinct. Two-colored Oak. 



•f-j-f Leaves deeply simiafe and lobed. 



9. Q. coccinea Wang. : leaves on long petioles, oblong, deeply sinuate- 

 lobed, smooth ; lobes divaricate, toothed, acute, setaceously-mucronate ; cup 

 turbinate, scaly ; acorn roundish-ovoid. 



Fertile woods. N. Eng. to Geor. W. to the Ark. May.— A tree 60—80 feet 

 high. Distinguished by the brilliant red color of its leaves towards the close of 

 autumn. Its wood is used for staves and fuel, but it is not very durable. The 

 bark is valuable for tanning. ^ Scarlet Oak. 



10. Q. rubra Linn. : leaves on long petioles, oblong, smooth, obtusely 

 sinuate-lobed ; lobes spreading, rather acute, toothed, setaceously mucro- 

 nate ; cup flat, nearly smooth ; acorn oblong-ovoid. 



Forests. Can. to Geor. May.— A tree 70—80 feet high. Leaves bright-green, 

 slightly pubescent in the axUs of the nerves beneath. Resembles the former, but 

 its leaves are larger, and in autumn they change lo a dull red, and finally be- 

 come yellow. The acorn also is larger, has a flat base and shallow cup. It is 

 valuable both for its wood and bark : the wood however is not very durable. 



Red Oak. 



11. Q. Catesbai Mich. : leaves on short petioles, wedgeform at base, ob- 

 long, deeply sinuate, smooth ; lobes 3 — 5, divaricate, toothed, acute, seta- 

 ceously mucronate ; cup turbinate, broad ; scales obtuse, those of the mar- 

 gin bent inwards ; acorn subglobose. 



Pme barrens. Md. to Flor. May.— A shrub or small tree 10—20 feet high, 

 with an irregular stem and branches. Leaves coriaceous and glossy. Oup large 

 and remarkable for its obtuse scales. The wood makes excellent fuel, and its 

 bark is used by the tanner. Shrubby Oak. 



12. Q. falcata Mich. : leaves on lonf petioles, obtuse at base, tomentose 

 beneath, 3-lobed or sinuate ; lobes somewhat falcate, setaceously mucro- 

 nate, the terminal one long ; cup shallow, somewhat turbinate ; acorn glo- 

 bose, Q. elongata Linn. Q. r^ibra Walt. 



Sandy soils. N. J. to Geor. W. to Ark. May.— A tree 70—80 feet high. 

 Leaves with 3 — 5 lobes, glossy on the upper surface. The wood is used for 

 staves, fencing and fuel. The bark is highly esteemed by Unners. 



Spanish Oak. Downy Red Oak. 



13. Q. fahtstris Mich. : leaves on long petioles, oblong, smooth, deeply 

 sinuate-lobed, with broad sinuses ; lobes dentate, toothed, acute, setaceously 

 mucronate ; cup flat, smooth ; acorn subglobose. 



Swampy woods. N. Y. N. Eng. and Penn. W. to HI. and Ark. May.— A 

 tree 40—60 feet high, with numerous spreading branches. Leaves bright-green 



