CONIFERS. 337 



sile ; aments filiform, smooth ; fruit depressed-globose ; nut compressed, 

 oblique. Juglans alba Mich. J. compressa Wllld. J. squamosa Mich. f. 



Fertile woods. Can. to Car. and W. to Miss. April, May.— A tree 50 to 80 

 feet high, with the bark separating in large flat scales or plates. Nut with a 

 thinner shell than that of most other species and of a fine flavor; pericarp glo- 

 bose, depressed at the summit. Timber much prized, in consequence of the 

 fineness of the grain and the elasticity of the fibre. 



Shell-bark or Shag-bark Hickory. 



3. C. microcarpa NutL : leafets 5 — 7, oblong-lanceolate, conspicuously 

 acuminate, serrate, smooth, glandular beneath; aments smooth; fruit 

 roundish-ovoid ; pericarp thin ; nut slightly 4-sided. Juglans covip'essa, var. 

 microcarpa Muhl. 



Moist woods. Penn. May. — A tree 60 — 80 feet high, with an even bark. 

 Aments long, slender, smooth. Fruit three-fourths of an inch in diameter ; 

 pericarp thin ; nut with a thin shell. Intermediate between C. alba and one of 

 tlie varieties of C. porcina, but Dr. Darlington is inclined to think it a good spe- 

 cies. ^ Small-fruited Carya. 



4. C. to^nentosa Nutt. : leafets 7 — 9, oblong and obovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, smooth, slightly serrate, pubescent and scabrous beneath, terminal 

 one nearly sessile ; aments filiform, very long, tomentose ; fruit subglobose ; 

 smooth ; pericarp very thick ; nut somewhat 6-angled, the shell very thick 

 and hard. Juglans tomentosa Mich. J. alba Willd. 



Fertile woods. Can. to Geor. April, May. — A tree, 50 — 80 feet high, with 

 the bark rough but not scaly. Leafets sometimes nearly entire (var. integrifolia 

 Torr.) Fruit very variable in size, but usually from H — 2 inches in length ; 

 nut light brown, shell very thick and hard, kernel sweet. The wood i^very val- 

 uable for fuel. White-heart Hickory. Mockernut. 



5. C. amara Nutt. : leafets 7 — 9, ovaft-oblong, acuminate, sharply ser- 

 rate, smooth on both sides ; fruit subglobose ; nut smooth, mucronate, with 

 the shell fragile. Juglans amara Mich. Hicorius amara Raf. 



Dry fertile woods. Can. to Car. May. — A large tree. Leafets mostly 7, 

 sometimes only 5, sessile, with the nerves and midrib pubescent. Nut small, 

 almost obeordate, with a very thin shell, and a bitter and astringent kernel. 

 Often confounded with the next species. Bitternut. Swamp Hickory. 



6. C. porcina Nutt. : leafets generally 7,- lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, 

 acute at the base, smooth on both sides ; fruit oblong-globose or pyriform ; 

 nut compressed, smooth, very hard. Juglans porcina Mich. J. obcordata 

 and glccbra Willd. 



Fertile woods. N. Y. to Geor. Dlay. — A very large tree. Leafets 5 — 7. 

 Fruit small, variable, with a bitter and astringent kernel. Wood very tough ; 

 used for making splint brooms. Pignut. Broom Hickory. 



Order CXXIII. CONIFERtE.— Pines. 



Flowers moncecious or dioecious, naked. Sterile Fl. consist- 

 ing of one or more (often monadelphous) stamens, arranged on a 

 rachis so as to form a loose ament. Fertile Fl. in cones. 

 Ovary spread open, and having the appearance of a flat scale 

 destitute of style or stigma, and arising from the axil of a mem- 

 branous bract. Fruit a cone. Seed with a hard crustaceous 



15 



