JUNCAGINACE^. 379 



4. (S^. natans Mich. : leaves floating, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, 3-nerved, 

 attenuate at •ase ; lower ones subcordate ; scape simple, few- flowered ; 

 ower peduncles elongated. 



In water, Penn. Muhl. S. to Car. July, Aug. '2|-. — Scape mostly erect, 

 3 — 6 inches long. Leaves generally floating, 1 — 2 inches long. Flowers few, 

 small, the upper sterile. EU. Floating Arrowhead. 



2. ALISMA. Z/i7m.— Water Plantain. 

 (From the Celtic alis, water ; in allusion to its place of growth.) 



Perianth 6 -leaved ; 3 outer leaves persistent, calycine ; 3 

 inner colored, petaloid, deciduous. Stamens 6. Ovaries and 

 styles numerous. Carpels numerous, distinct, 1 -seeded, crowned 

 with the persistent style. 



A. Plantago Linn. : stemless ; leaves ovate-cordate, acute, nerved ; pow- 

 ers in a compound verticillate panicle; fruit obtusely triangular. A. trivi- 

 alis and parvijlora Pursh. 



Wet grounds. Can. to Flor. W. to the Platte River. July, Aug. %. — 

 Scape 1 — 2 feet high, triangular. Leaves all radical, on long petioles, mostly 

 9-nerved. Panicle much decompounded in a verticillate manner. Flowers 

 white, tinged with purple. Fruit consisting of numerous carpels verticillately 

 arranged. Common Water Plantain. 



Order CXLI. JUNCAGINACEJE.— Arrow Grasses. 



Perianth 6-leaved ; the 3 inner leaves narrower. Stamens 6. 

 Carpels 3 — 6, free, united or distinct. Fruit dry, 1 or 2-seeded. 

 Seeds without albumen ; embryo with a lateral cleft. — Herba- 

 ceous aquatic or marsh plants, with ensiform leaves and the 

 flowers in spikes or racemes. 



1. TRIGLOCHIN. Linn.— Arrow Grass. 



(From the Greek rptis, three, and y^^X'?, a point ; in allusion to the three 

 points of the capsules.) 



Perianth somewhat colored, deciduous ; leaves concave. Sta- 

 mens 6 ; anthers subsessile. Capsules 3 — 6, united by a lon- 

 gitudinal receptacle from which they usually separate at the 

 base, 1 -seeded. 



1. T. palustre Linn. : fruit of 3 united carpels, nearly linear, subulate at 

 the base. 



Marshes. Salina and elsewhere in Western N. Y, N. to Arct. Amer. July. 

 %.— Scape about a foot high, very slender. Leaves very numerous, all radical 

 or nearly so, linear, fleshy, slightly grooved on the upper side, nearly as long as 

 the scape. Flowers small, greenish, in a terminal lax spike or raceme. The 

 leaves, when bruised, give out a very fetid odor. Marsh Arrow Grass. 



2. T. maritimum Linn. : fruit ovoid, of 6 united oblong carpels. T. 

 datum Nutt. 



Salt marshes. Can to Penn. W. to Mich. July. %..— Scape 18 inches 



