388 CYPERACE^. 



bracts at right angles with the first, and called glumes. Perianth 

 none, or consisting of hypogynous bristles. Stamens 1 — 12, but 

 mostly 3. Style single, 2 — 3-cleft. Fruit an achenium or 

 crustaceous nut. Embryo lenticular, within the base of tho 

 albumen. — Grass-like herbs, growing in tufts. Culms solid, 

 seldom with joints, often 3-cornered. Leaves with their sheaths 

 entire. 



I. Cypere^. Flowers perfect. Spikelets imbricate in two rows. 

 Perigynium none or setaceous. 



1. DULICHIUM. /?zcA.— DuUchium. 



(From the. Greek 6vo, two, and ^eixiv, a scab or scale ; in allusion to the two- 

 rowed scales. Eat. Man.) 



Spikelets elongated, compressed, many-flowered. Scales 

 2-ranked. Bristles 6 — 9, rigid, retrorsely hispid. Stamens 3. 

 Style very long, 2-cleft, persistent. Achenium compressed, 

 linear-oblong. 



D. spathaceum Pers. ScAcemis spathaceus Linn. Cyperus spaihaceus 

 Muhl. 



Swamps and margins of ponds. Throughout the U. S. July, Aug. %.— 

 Culm about 18 inches high, round below, obscurely triangular above. Leaves 

 linear, flat, spreading almost horizontally in three (Jlrectibris. Spikelets 6 — 10- 

 flowered, on a flexuous rachis. Scales rusty- yellow, lanceolate, acute. 



Dulichium. 



CYPERUS. LrnTt.— Galingale. 



(From the Greek Kvmipof ; a name supposed to have been given to one of this 

 genus.) 



Spikelets 2-ranked, many-flowered. Scales mostly all fertile, 

 equal. Stamens 2 or 3, rarely solitary, deciduous. Style 2 — 3- 

 cleft, deciduous. Achenium compressed or triangular. 



* Style 2-cleft. Achenium compressed-lenticular. 



1. C. flavescens Linn. : umbel of 2 — 4 short rays; involucre S-leaved; 

 spikelets linear, 14 — 20-flowered, at the end of the rays, rather obtuse ; 

 scales obtuse, l-nerved. 



Wet grounds. N.Y. toFlor. W. to Ken. Aug., Sept. %.— Culm A— 10 

 inches liigh. Leaves narrow, as long as the culm. Spikelets in fascicles of 3 — 4 

 on the rachis, 5 — 8 lines long, yellowish, sometimes 30-flowered. 



Yellowish Dwarf Galingale. 



3. C. Nuttalii Torr. : rays few, short or nearly sessile, loose ; involucre 

 4-leaved, 2 of the leaves very long ; spikelets linear-lanceolate, much com- 

 pressed, acute ; stamens 2 ; style 2-cleft. C. ccespitosus Spreng., C. tenuis 

 Muhl. 



