CYPERACE^. 389 



Salt marshes. N.Y. to Car. and Louis. Aug., Sept. %.— Culms 5—12 

 inches high, cespitose, triangular. Leaves nearly as tall as the culm. Spikelets 

 very acute, sometimes compound, green and brown. Nuttairs Galingale. 



3. C. diandrus Torr. : umbel of 2—5 short rays ; involucre 3-leaved, 

 two of the leaves much longer than the umbel ; spikelets lance-oblong, 

 much-compressed, 14 — 24-flow^ered ; scales oblong, rather obtuse, 1-nerved ; 

 stamens 2 ; style 2-cleft, much exserted. 



var. castaneiis Torr.: scales oblong-lanceolate j style scarcely exserted 

 C. castaneiis Dig. 



Wet grounds. N. Y. to Del. W. to Ohio. Aug. %.— Culms 6—12 inches 

 high, often weak and somewhat decumbent, cespitose, obtusely triangular., 

 Umlel sometimes without rays. Scales with a light-browji margin, the sides 

 yellowish and the keel green ; in the var. of a dark chestnut-color and firmer 

 texture. Stamens sometimes 3 in the upper flowers. Diandrous Galingale. 



** Style 2-cleft. Achenium triangular. Inner scales adnate to the racMs. 

 ■\ Culm subterete, nodose. 



4. C. teneltus Linn. : culm and leaves setaceous ; spikelet solitary, lance- 

 linear, 10 — 12-flowered ; involucre mostly 1-leaved. C. minimus Nutt. 7 



N. J. and Penn., near Philadelphia. Dr. Cleaver. Culm about 4 inches high, 

 bristle-like, triangular. Spikelet half an inch long and a line broad, much com- 

 pressed, it may be a distinct species. Delicate Galingale. 



•f-f- Culm triangular. Umbel simple or 



5. C. Michauxianus Schultes : culm acutely triangular ; umbel compound, 

 the rays short ; involucre 5 — 6-Ieaved, much longer than the umbel ; spike- 

 lets linear, somewhat terete, 6 — 8-flowered ; scales ovate, father obtuse. 

 C. erythrorhizus Torr. Fl. 



Borders of marshes. N.Y. to Geor. and Louis. Aug., Sept. (T)^ — Culm 

 about a foot high, reddish near the root. Leaves mostly shorter than the culm. 

 Spikelets much crowded, the lower ones compound. Michaux's Galingale. 



6. C. strigosus Linn. : umbel simple or compound ; rays numerous, elon- 

 gated ; involucre 5~9-leaved, very long ; spikelets 8 — lO-flowered, linear- 

 lanceolate, flattened, much crowded, spreading horizontally ; scales oblong- 

 lanceolate, nerved, rather acute. 



Wet grounds. Can. to Car. and Louis. W. to Ohio. Aug., Sept, %.— 

 Culm 2—3 feet high, somewhat tumid at the base. Spikes 1—2 inches long, 

 consisting of 20—80 spikelets. Scales loosely imbricate, yellowish on the sides. 

 In sterile soils it is much smaller. Tall Galingale. 



' 7. C. repens Ell. : rhizoma creeping, tuberiferous ; umbel simple, 4—6- 

 rayed ; involucre 3— 9-leaved, much longer than the rays ; spikelets Unear, 

 compressed, somewhat spreading, 12 — 20-flowered; scales oblong, rather 

 acute, scarious on the margin. C. phymatodes MuU. C. tubemsus Pursh. 



Moist grounds. Can. to Flor. and Louis. W. to Miss. Aug. %.— Rhizoma 

 creeping extensively, with roundish tubers at the ends of the branches. Culm 

 12—18 inches high. Leaves radical, broad, yellowish-green. Scales yellowish, 

 at length spreading. Creeping Galingale. 



8. C. filiculmis Vahl : culm triangular, often inclined ; umbel simple, of 

 1 — 2 divaricate rays or wanting; spikelets collected into globose heads, 



