120 GENTIANACE^. Gentiana. 



§ 2. PneumonjCnthe. Corolla (funnelform or salverform) plicate at the si- 

 nuses, the plaits more or less extended into thin-membranaceous teeth or lobes : 

 no crown nor glands : stigmas distinct : flowers almost always o-merous : capsule 

 more or less stipitate. — Pneumonanthe,^eck.e,v. § Pneiimonanthc, Chondrophylla, 

 Ccelanthe, Tretrorhiza, &c., Griseb. 



* Koot annual, and habit of the preceding section : leaves marginless : flowers cj-mose : calyx 

 •sliurt, 5-cleft: anthers obioug-linear, introrse, remaining erect. 



G. Douglasiana, Bong. A span high, slender, cymosely branched : leaves ovate ; the 

 lowest rosulate ; the cauline of few remote pairs and somewhat cordate (2 to 4 lines long) : 

 corolla white, a third to half inch long; its lobes oblong, shorter than the funnelform tube, 

 not double the length of the conspicuous and ecjually broad 2-cleft accessory lobes in the 

 sinuses : capsule stipitate, obovate, ancipital above : seeds proportionally large (a line 

 long), elongated-oblong, with a close coat, apiculate at both ends. — Veg. Sitka, 38, t. 6; 

 Griseb. in Hook. Fl. ii. 60, t. 148. — Alaska to Oregon. 



* * Root annual or biennial in our species : dwarf and small plants : leaves small and with white 

 cartilaginous or scarious margins: flowers solitary and terminal: calyx narrow, 4-5-toothed : 

 corolla" salverform when expanded; the lobes or plaits in the sinuses broad and emarginate: 

 anthers cordate, versatile: seeds oblong, with a close coat. — § Chondrophylla, Bunge, Griseb. 



G. humilis, Stev. Stems single or numerous from the slender root, 1 to 5 inches long, 

 erect or ascending : leaves glaucescent and broadly white-margined ; the radical orbicular 

 or ovate and rosulate (a quarter to half inch long) ; cauline linear-oblong, erect, connate- 

 sheathing, 2 or 3 lines long : corolla whitish or dull-colored ; its tube little exceeding the 

 calyx ; the limb half inch in diameter : capsule clavate-obovate, at length exserted on a 

 long and stout stipe much beyond the flower. — Act. Mosq. iii. 258; Griseb. 1. c. ; Engelm. 

 in Trans. Acad. St. Louis, ii. 217, t. 9, fig. 1-5. G. aquatica, Pall. Fl. Ross. ii. t. 97, fig. 2, 

 not L. G. Fremontii, Torr. in Frem. Rep. 94. — Grassy banks of streams in the Rocky 

 Mountains, Wyoming to Colorado. (Asia.) 



G. prostrata, Haenke. Stems weaker than in the preceding and when elongated the 

 lateral ones often procumbent : leaves ovate, less erect, greener, and less white-margined : 

 flower (in the American plant always ? and in the European sometimes) 4-merous : corolla 

 azure-blue, in fruit enclosing the linear-oblong rather short-stipitate capsule. — Jacq. Coll. 

 ii. 66, t. 17, fig. 2 ; Griseb. 1. c. ; Engelm. 1. c. t. 9, fig. 9-14. (var. Americana) ; Herder, 1. c. 

 G. nutans, Bunge, 1. c. 1. 11, fig. 2. — Alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains, from Colorado 

 northward, and to Kotzebue Sound, Aleutian Islands, &c. (N. E. Asia to Tyrolese Alps. 

 Antarc. Amer.) 



* * * Root perennial: flowers comparativelv large, mostly short-peduncled or sessile: anthers 

 linear or oblong, more or less extrorse, remaining erect : usually a pair of bracts under the flower. 

 — § Pneumonanthe, Griseb. 



-1— Rocky-Mountain and Pacific species : anthers unconnected, seldom connivent. 

 ++ Dwarf, 1-5-flowered : cauline leaves only 2 to 4 pairs. 



G. glatica, Pall. Stem 2 to 4 inches high : leaves oval, glaucous, 3 to 5 lines long : calyx 

 campanulate ; its teeth shorter than the tube : corolla blue, half inch or more long ; its 

 tube cylindraceous, and ovate obtuse lobes short ; the short lobes of the plaits ovate and 

 entire : seeds oval, irregularly .3-4-wing-crestcd. — Fl. Ross. ii. 104, t. 93, fig. 2 ; Griseb. in 

 Hook. Fl. ii. 58, t. 147. — Higher and northern Rocky Mountains to Kotzebue Sound. 

 (Kamts. to Siberia.) 



G. frigida, Heenke. Stems 1 to 5 inches high, l-.3-flowcred : leaves linear, varying to 

 lanceolate or spatulate, thickish, 1 to 3 inches long, the pairs connate-sheathing at base : 

 calyx-tube obconical, longer than the oblong-linear lobes : corolla funnelform, an inch and 

 a half long, yellowish-white or tinged with blue, purplish-dotted ; the lobes short and 

 broad ; the plaits entire and broad but slightly extended at summit : seeds with a loose 

 cellular coat extended into crested longitudinal ridges. — Jacq. Coll. ii. 13; Froel. Gent. 

 39, t. 1 ; Griseb. in DC. 1. c, with var. ah/ida. G. ah/ida, Pall. Fl. Ross. ii. 107, t. 95, a 

 large form. G. rioniayKoi-ii, Ledeb. in Bunge, 1. c. 1. 11, fig. 1. — Alpine region of the Rocky 

 Mountains in Colorado and Utah, Parrij, &c. St. Paul and Shumagin Islands, Ilamngton, 

 Ellioil, &c. (Kamts. to Carpathian Mts.) 



G. Newberryi, Gray. Stems 1-flowered, 2 to 4 inches long, and ascending from tlie 

 axils of the rosulate-radical leaves: these obovate or spatulate, an inch or more long; 



