312 OROBANCHACEiE. Aphyllon. 



2. APH"^LLON, Mitchell. Cancer-koot. (From « privative, and gji'Uoj', 

 foliage, i.e. leafless.) — North American and Mexican, brownish or whitish, low, 

 commonly viscid-pubescent or glandular, and with violet-purplish or yellowish 

 flowers. — Nov. Gen. in Act. Phys.-Med. Acad. Nat. Cur. viii. (1748), 221 ; Gray, 

 Man. ed. 1, 290, & Bot. Calif, i. 584; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 983. 



§ 1. Gymnocaulis, Benth. & Hook. 1. c. Peduncles or scapes long and slen- 

 der from the axils of fleshy loose scales of a short and commonly fasciculate root- 

 stock or caudex, naked, not bracteolate under the flower : calyx regularly 5-lobed : 

 corolla with elongated somewhat curved tube, and widely spreading somewhat 

 equally o-lobed limb, only obscurely bilabiate : stigma peltate and slightly bila- 

 mellar, broad and thin : placenta? nearly equidistant : seed-coat thin and minutely 

 reticulated. Fl. summer. — Aphyllon, Mitchell, 1. c. Orobanche § Gymnocaulis, 

 Nutt. Gen. ii. 59. 0. § Anoplon, Wallr. Orobanch. 66. Anoplantkus § Euano- 

 plon, Endl. Gen. 727. 



A. uniflorum, Gray. Scaly stem short and nearly subterranean, bearing few scapes (a 

 span high): calyx-lobes mostly much longer than the tube, subulate, usually attenuate : 

 corolla violet-tinged (and flower violet-scented, inch long) ; the lobes obovate and rather large. 

 — Man. 1. c. & Bot. Calif, i. 584. Orobanche uniflora, L. ; Bart. Med. Bot. t. 50. 0. bijiora, 

 Nutt. 1. c. Phelipoea bijiora, Spreng. Syst. ii. 818. Anoplanthus, unijiorus, Endl. Iconogr. t. 72 

 (stigma wrong); Renter in DC. Prodr. xi. 41. Anoplon bijiorum, Don, Syst. iv. 633. — 

 Damp woodlands, Newfoundland to Texas, California, and Brit. Columbia : flowers early. 



A. fasciculatum, Gray, 1. c. More pubescent and glandular : stem often emergent and 

 mostly as long as the numerous fascicled peduncles, not rarely shorter : calyx-lobes broadly 

 or triangular-subulate, not longer than the tube, very much shorter than the dull yellow or 

 purplish corolla; lobes of the latter oblong and smaller. — Orobanche fasciculata, 'Nutt. 1. c. ; 

 Hook. Fl. ii. 93, t. 170. Phelipoea fasciculata, Spreng. 1. c. Anoplanthus J'asciculatus, Walp. 

 Repert. iii. 480 ; Reuter in DC. 1. c. — Sandy ground, Lake Michigan and Saskatchewan, 

 southward west of the Mississippi to Arizona, and west to Oregon and California; on 

 Artemisia, Eriogonum, &c. 



Var. luteum, a very caulescent and short-peduncled form, with sulphur-yellow corolla, 

 and whole plant light yellow. — Phelipcea lutea, Parry in Am. Naturalist, viii. 214. — Wy- 

 oming, Parry. Parasitic on roots of grasses. 



§ 2. NoTHAPHYLLON, Gray. Caulescent, and the inflorescence racemose, thyr- 

 soidal, or spicate : pedicels or calyx 1-2-bracteolate : corolla manifestly bilabiate ; 

 upper lip less or not at all 2-cleft : stigma sometimes crateriform : seed-coat 

 favose-reticulated : placentae approximate in pairs. 



* Flowers all manifestly pedicellate: corolla lobes oblong, spreading; upper lip less so. 



A. comosum, Gray. Low, puberulent : short stout stem branching close to the ground : 

 pedicels corymbose or paniculate-racemose, shorter than the (inch or more long) flower : 

 bractlets one or two on the pedicel or sometimes at the base of the flower: calyx deeply 

 5-parted ; lobes subulate-linear and attenuate, about half the length of the pink or pale 

 purple corolla: anthers woolly. — Bot. Calif, i. 584. Orobanche comosa. Hook. Fl. ii. 93, 

 t. 169 (but lobes of lower lip seldom so notched). Anoplanthus comosus, Walp. 1. c. Phelipaa 

 comosa, Gray in Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 118. — Dry hills, parasitic on Artemisia, &c., Washington 

 Terr, to California. 



A. Californicum, Gray, 1. c. More pubescent and viscid, and with stouter and simpler 

 stem, about a span high : flowers crowded in an oblong dense raceme or thyrsus : pedicels 

 shorter than calyx : bractlets close to the calyx, and with the subulate-linear lobes of the 



, latter almost equalling the yellowish or purplish corolla; the lobes of which are shorter 

 and less spreading : anthers glabrous or slightly hairy. — Orobanche Californica, Cham. & 

 Schlect. in Linn. iii. 134. Phelipma Californica, Don. 1. c. P. erianthera, Watson, Bot. 

 King, 225, not Engelm. — California and W. Nevada. Lower pedicels sometimes half inch 

 long ; upper very short. 



