Pinguicula. LENTIBULARIACE^. 317 



Var. cleistogama. An inch or two high, bearing one or two evidently cleistogamous 

 purplish flowers, not larger than a pin's head : capsule becoming a line long. (Gray, Man. 

 ed. 5, 320; Ell. Sk. i. 24.) — With the ordinary form. Pine barrens of New Jersey, 

 ./. A. Paine. Evidently also seen in Georgia by Elliott. 

 U. cornuta, Michx. Filiform radical shoots apparently none : leaves fasciculate, evan- 

 escent, rarely at all seen : scape strict, a span to a foot high, 1-10-flowered : pedicels very 

 short, 2-bracteolate at base: corolla an inch long, including the long subulate acute spur; 

 lower lip very large, the sides strongly recurved, and the central palate-like portion as if 

 galeate, merely equalled by the obovatc upper lip : seeds nearly smooth. — Fl. i. 12 ; Pursh, 

 1. c. ; A. DC. 1. c. (I. personata, LeConte, 1. c. ; Bertol. Misc. viii. 21. — Sphagnous or sandy 

 swamps, Newfoundland to L. Superior and south to Florida and Texas. (Cuba, Brazil.) 



2. PINGrUfCULA, Tourn. BuTTERWORT. (From pinguis, fat, in allu- 

 sion to the greasy-viscid surface of the leaves.) — Terrestrial acaulescent herbs, of 

 moist or wet ground (in northern hemisphere and the Andes) ; with fibrous roots, 

 broad and entire leaves in a rosulate radical tuft, their upper surface with a coat- 

 ing of viscid glands, to which insects, &c., adhere, the margins slowly infolding 

 under irritation ; scapes naked, 1 -flowered, circinate-coiled in vernation. Upper 

 lip of the corolla 2- and lower 3-lobed or parted ; the lobes sometimes incised ; 

 the base anteriorly saccate, and the bottom of the sac contracted into a nectari- 

 ferous spur. 



* Corolla distinctly bilabiate, purple, violet, or rarely whitish ; upper lip decidedly smaller, 2-lobed 

 or parted; lower 3-parted; lobes mostly quite entire : boreal species. 



P. villosa, L. Small : leaves oval, nearly glabrous, half inch long or less : scape villous- 

 pubescent, inch or two long: corolla (pale violet with yellowish-striped throat) 2 lines long, 

 and with a slender spur of nearly the same length or half shorter. — Fl. Lapp. t. 12, fig. 2; 

 Fl. Dan. t. 1021; E. Meyer, Labrad. 39; Reichenb. Iconogr. i. t. 82 ; Cham, in Linn, 

 vi. 568. P. acutifolia, Michx. Fl. i. 11, the erect-rosulate oval and very acute leaves described 

 are really the scales of a hybernacular bud, and the plant (with mature fruit) had lost its 

 leaves. — Labrador, Hudson's Bay, Northern islands and shores of the N. W. Coast. 

 (Greenland, Arctic Eu., & Asia.) 



P. alpina, L. Somewhat glabrous : leaves oblong, barely inch long : scape 3 or 4 inches 

 liigh : corolla (whitish) 4 lines long, and with a conical obtuse divergent incurving spur of 

 less than half the length of tlie lower lip. — Fl. Lapp. t. 12, fig. 3; Fl. Dan. t. 453; 

 Reichenb. 1. c. t. 81 ; Engl. Bot. t. 2747. — Labrador, Steinhauer. Given by LeConte to 

 herb. Collins. Specimen not wholly satisfactory, but apparently of this species, not else- 

 where detected in America. (Eu. to Siberia.) 



P. vulgaris, L. Minutely puberulent or almost glabrous : leaves ovate or oval, an inch 

 or two long, soft-fleshy: scape 1 to 4 inches high: corolla (violet) about half inch long, 

 with campanulate or short-funnelform body abruptly contracted into a narrow lincar- 

 cylindraceous (acutish or obtuse) and mostly straight spur (of about 2 lines in length). — 

 deder. Fl. Dan. t. 93; Engl. Bot. t. 70; Rei'chenb. 1. c. t. 84; Hook. Fl. ii. 118; Herder in 

 Radde, iv. 96. P. grandiflora, Hook. 1. c. P. macroceras, Willd. ; Roem. & Sch. Syst. ISIant. 

 i. 1G8 ; Cham, in Linn. vi. 568 ; A. DC. 1. c. 30 ; a longer-spurred and commonly larger- 

 flowered form (corolla from two-thirds to almost an inch long). P. mirroneras, Cham. 1. c. 

 {P. macroceras, Reichenb. 1. c. t. 82, fig. 169, 170), a depauperate small-flowered and shorter- 

 spurred form of high nortliern region. — Wet rocks, Labrador, Northern New England 

 and New York, L. Superior, &c., to Alaskan coast and islands, and northward ; the macro- 

 ceras and microceras forms north-westward. (N. E. Asia to Europe and Greenland.) 



* * Corolla light violet, varying occasionally to white, less bilabiate, the sinuses equal except 

 between the two lobes of the upper lip; the three lower lobes usually emarginate or obconlnte ; 

 palate conical or cultrifonn, very protuberant, clothed with a dense yellow or sometimes white 

 beard: spur abrupt and narrow from base of a short conical sac: upper lip of stigma small, nar- 

 rowly triangidar; lower semi-orbicular: fl. spring. (P. ccerulea. Wait. (^ar. 03. covers one or both 

 the following species, but the character is insutficient to secure the adoption of the name.) 



P. pumila, Michx. Leaves half to full inch long, oval or ovate : scapes filiform, weak, 

 2 to 6 inches high : corolla a quarter to half inch long ; spur acute, longer than the rather 



