Ruellia. ACANTHACE^. 325 



equalling the corolla : calyx-lobes subulate-setaceous, more or less liispiil-ciliate, hardly 

 more than twice the length of tlie narrow tube: corolla purple 1 (10 lines long) ; the tube 

 not longer than the abruptly ampliate throat: anther-cells linear-oblong, aristulate. — 

 Dipteracanthus {Calop/ianes) linearis, Torr. & Gray in PI. Lindh. i. 50. C. ovala, Bentli. PI. 

 Hartw. 80, as to Te.xan sji. ; Nees, 1. c. ; surely not Ruellia orata, Cav. C. obloiK/iJblta, va.v. 

 Texensis, Nees, 1. c. ; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 122. — Dry ground, Texas (Beiiandler, Drum- 

 moiul, Wright, &c.) to the border of New Mexico. (Adjacent Mex.) 

 C. decumbens. Cinereous-puberulent throughout, not at all hirsute, nor scabrous : 

 stems mostly spreading on the ground: leaves spatulate, or tiie lowest obovate and the 

 uppermost oblanceolate, with attenuate base, but hardly petioled (0 to 14 lines long) : 

 flowers few in the foliose-bracteolate clusters : setaceous-subulate calyx-lobes hardly twice 

 the length of the tube : corolla purple (8 or 10 lines long) ; its tube double the length of 

 the throat, nearly equalling the calyx-lobes: anther-cells oblong, mucronate. — Calojihanes 

 oblongifolia, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 12;), not Don. — Dry soil, western borders of Texas 

 ( Wright, &c.) to S. Arizona, Thurber, Wright, Rolhrock, &c. (Adjacent Mex.) 



4. RU!]&LLiIA, Plum, (/. Ruel, or de la Ruelle, of France, early herbalist.) 

 — Large genus, chiefly American and tropical, perennials; with mostly entire 

 and broad leaves, and rather large flowers (in summer), usually violet or lilac- 

 purple, solitary or commonly clustered in the axils or in evolute cymes ; in several 

 species the earlier or later blossoms cleistogamous. Seeds in many clothed with 

 fine apjiressed hairs, which when wetted diverge and elongate, either marked with 

 fixed spiral bands or developing spiricles. — Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 1077. — Our 

 species all rank under Ruellia proper {Cryphiacanthus and Dipteracanthus, Nees 

 in DC), with straight tube and almost or quite regular limb to the corolla, and 

 included stamens. Both stigmas equally developed occasionally in R. strepem 

 and R. ciliosa. Five stamens have been found in the latter. 



* Flowers ill open pedunculate cymes from upper axils and forming a terminal panicle : bracts and 

 bractlets small, linear or subulate: capsule 8-12-seeded, narrow: hairs of tlie seed developing 

 long spiricles when wetted. 



R. tuberosa, L. Glabrescent or minutely pubescent, a foot or two high, with somewhat 

 tuberous-thickened roots: leaves (2 or .3 inches long) witii undulate or obscurely repand- 

 dentate margins, ovate-oblong or elliptical, and with base cuneate-contracted or decurrent 

 into a rather long petiole: primary and secondary peduncles of the loose cyme slender; 

 calyx-lobes subulate-filiform (half inch or more long), much exceeding the bractlets, hardly 

 equalling the slender tube of the (inch and a half long blue or sometimes white) corolla, 

 which is about as long as the funnelform-campanulate throat : capsule narrowly subcla- 

 vate, 7 to 9 lines long, the stipitiform solid base mostly short but manifest. — Spec. ii. 6oo ; 

 Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 452, but hardly of Desc. Ant. ii. 1. 113. R. clandeslina, L. 1. c. ( Dill. Elth. 

 328, t. 148.) R. Immilis, etc.. Plum. Nov. Gen. Amer. 12, t. 2. Cryphiacanthus Barbadeiifsis, 

 Nees in DC. 1. c. 197. Dipteracanthus nudlflurus, Engelm. & Gray, PI. Lindh. i. 21. — River- 

 bottoms, Texas. (W. Ind., Mex., S. Am.) 



Var. OCCidentalis. Rather large and tall : inflorescence and calyx conspicuously 

 viscid-pubescent; tlie latter usually shorter than the tube of the (H to fully 2 inch) 

 corolla : leaves from glabrate to velvety-pubescent, mostly ovate and with more abrupt or 

 even subcordate base, sometimes 6 or 7 inches long. — W. & S. Texas, Derlandier, Wright. 

 S. Arizona, RolJiroclc. " California " (or probably Arizona), Coulter. The two latter glabrate 

 forms. (Mex.) 



* * Flowers solitarv or 3 and cymulose on an axillary peduncle as long as the leaf: bracts foli- 

 aceous : seeds and "capsule of the succeeding: stems branching. 



R. pedunculata, Torr. Slightly pubemlent, 2 feet high, with spreading branches : 

 leaves ovate-oblong, acute, short-petioled (U- to 3 inches long) : peduncles spreading, 

 slender, 1 or 2 inches long, bearing a pair of bracts similar to the leaves (half inch or more 

 long) and equalling the calyx and capsule of the single flower, or sliorter than the similarly 

 2-bracteolate pedicels when they are developed: calyx-lobes subulate-filiform, pubescent, 

 about the length of the narrow tube of the corolla : throat of the latter dilated-f unnel- 



