CLUB-MOSS FAMILY. 43 
9g. Lycopodium clavatum L. Running Pine. Club-moss. (Fig. 96. ) 
ae Lycopodium clavatum I. Sp. Pl. 1101. 1753: 
Stems extensively creeping, 1°-4° long with simi- 
lar short irregular ascending or decumbent densely 
leafy branches. Leaves much crowded, many-ranked, 
incurved, linear-subulate, bristle-tipped, the lower 
denticulate, the upper nearly entire and slightly de- 
current on either side; spikes 1-4 on long 8-striate 
peduncles; bracts membranous, roundish, erose- 
denticulate below, bearing in the axil a transversely 
oval sporange which splits nearly to the base ; spores 
narrowly reticulate. 
In woods, Labrador to Alaska, south to North Carolina, 
Michigan and Washington, Also in Europe, Asia and 
Central America. The spores of this species, and those 
of L. complanatum, furnish the inflammable powder 
known as Lycopodium powder or vegetable sulphur, used 
in stage effects. Aug.—Oct. 
io. Lycopodium Carolinianum [,. Caro- 
lina Club-moss. (Fig. 97. ) 
Lycopodium Carolinianum I,. Sp. Pl. 1104. 1753. 
Sterile stems and their few short branches entirely 
creeping, closely appressed to the earth, 1’-3’ long, 
emitting numerous roots on the lower side. Leaves 
of fertile stems of two forms, the lateral ones broadly 
lanceolate, acute and somewhat oblique, 1-nerved, 
widely spreading, in 2 ranks with a shorter, interme- 
diate row appressed on the upper side; peduncles 
simple, slender, 2’—6’ high, clothed with small bract- 
like leaves and bearing a single cylindric spike ; bracts 
cordate, short-acuminate, mostly entire with trans- 
versely oval sporanges in the upper axils. 
In moist pine barrens, New Jersey to Floridaand Louisi- 
ana near the coast. 
11. Lycopodium complanatum L. Trail- 
1 At ¢ ; : 
‘ 4 ing Christmas-green. (Fig. 98.) 
oY iY Lycopodium complanatum I,. Sp. Pl. 1104. 1753. 
Stems extensively creeping, with erect or ascend- 
ing reniform or fan-shaped branches several times 
forked above, with crowded flattened branchlets. 
Leaves minute, imbricate-appressed, 4-ranked, the 
lateral rows with somewhat spreading tips, the in- 
termediate smaller, narrower aud wholly appressed, 
forming a flat surface ; peduncle slender, 2’-6’ high, 
dichotomous, bearing 2-4 linear-cylindric spikes; 
bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, the margins pale and 
erose; sporanges transversely oval, deeply splitting. 
In woods and thickets, Newfoundland to Alaska, south 
to North Carolina, Michigan and British Columbia, Also 
in Europe and Asia. Forms with less distinctly dimor- 
phous leaves and narrower, more erect and bushy branches 
have been separated as var. Chamaecyparissus, 
