52 PINACEAE. 
5. Pinus divaricata (Ait.) Sudw. Labra- 
dor Pine. Gray Pine. (Fig. 114.) 
si pe sylvestris var. divaricata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 366. 
Bien Banksiana Lamb. Pinus, 1:7. pl. 3. 1803. 
Pinus divaricata Sudw. Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 44. 1893. 
A slender tree, usually 40°-60° high, but sometimes 
reaching 100°, and a trunk diameter of 31°, the 
branches spreading, the bark becoming flaky. Leaves 
in 2’s, stout, stiff, more or less curved, spreading or 
oblique, light green, crowded along the branches, sel- 
dom over 1’ long; fibro-vascular bundles 2; cones 
commonly very numerous, lateral, oblong-conic, usu- 
ally upwardly curved, 1/-2/ long, 9/’-15’’ thick when 
mature; scales thickened at the end, the transverse 
ridge a mere line with a minute central point in place 
of spine or prickle at maturity; young scales spiny- 
tipped. 
In sandy soil, sometimes forming extensive forests, New Brunswick to Hudson Bay and the 
Northwest Territory, south to Maine, northern New York, northern Illinois and Minnesota. Wood 
soft, weak, compact, light brown; weight per cubic foot 27 lbs. Also called Hudson Bay Pine and 
Northern Serub Pine. May-June. 
6. Pinus Virginiana Mill. Jersey Pine. 
Scrub Pine. (Fig. 115.) 
Pinus Virginiana Mill, Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No.9. 1768. 
Pinus inops Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 367. 1789. 
A slender tree, usually small, but sometimes at- 
taining a height of 110° and a trunk diameter of 3°, 
the old bark dark colored, flaky, the branches 
spreading or drooping. Leaves in 2’s, dark green, 
rather stout and stiff, spreading when old, 1% /-214/ 
long, with 2 fibro-vascular bundles ; young sheaths 
rarely more than 2'4’/ long; cones commonly few, 
lateral, recurved when young, spreading when old, 
oblong-conic, 1%4’-24’ long, their scales somewhat 
thickened at the apex, the low transverse ridge 
with a short central more or less recurved prickle. 
In sandy soil, Long Island, New York to South Caro- 
lina, west to southern Indiana and Kentucky, some- 
times forming forests. Ascends to 3300 ft. in Virginia. 
Wood soft, weak, brittle, light orange; weight per 
cubic foot 33 lbs. April-May. 
7. Pinus echinata Mill. Yellow Pine. Spruce Pine. (Fig. 116.) 
Pinus echinata Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No. 12. 1768. 
Pinus mitis Michx, Fl. Bor. Am, 2; 204. 1803. 
A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 
roo°® and atrunk diameter of 44°, the branches spread- 
ing, the old bark rough in plates. Leaves some in 
2’s, some in 3's, slender, not stiff, dark green, 3/-5’ 
long, spreading when mature ; fibro-vascular bundles 
2; young sheaths 5’’-S’” long; cones lateral, oblong- 
conic, about 2’ long, usually less than 1’ thick when 
the scales are closed; scales thickened at the apex, 
marked with a prominent transverse ridge and armed 
with a slender small nearly straight early deciduous 
prickle. 
In sandy soil, southern New York to Florida, west to 
Illinois, Kansas and Texas. Wood heavy, strong, orange; 
one of the most valuable timbers; weight per cubic foot 
38 Ibs. Also called Short-leaved Pine and Bull Pine. 
May-June. 
