PINE FAMILY. CONIFERS. 53 
8. Pinus pungens Michx. f. Table-Mountain Pine. Hickory Pine. (Fig. 117.) 
Pinus pungens Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am, 1: 61. f/. 5. 
1810, 
A tree with a maximum height of about 60° and 
trunk diameter of 314°, the branches spreading, the 
old rough bark in flakes. Leaves mostly in 2’s, 
some in 3’s, stout and stiff, light green, 2's/-4/ 
long, crowded on the twigs ; fibro-vascular bundles 
2; young sheaths 5’’-S’’ long; cones lateral, usu- 
ally clustered, long-persistent on the branches, 
ovoid, 3's’—5’ long, 2’-3’ thick while the scales are 
closed, nearly globular when these are expanded ; 
scales very thick and woody, their ends with a large 
elevated transverse ridge, centrally tipped by a stout 
reflexed or spreading spine 2’/-2'4’’ long. 
In woods, sometimes forming forests, western New 
Jersey and central Pennsylvania to North Carolina and 
Tennessee. Ascends to 4ooo ft. in North Carolina. 
Wood soft, weak, brittle, light brown; weight per 
cubic foot 31 Ibs. May. 
g. Pinus Taéda I. Loblolly Pine. Old-field Pine. (Fig. 118.) 
1o. Pinus rigida Mill. 
Pinus rigida Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 8, No. 10. 1768. \ ey 
A forest tree reaching a maximum height of about 
80° and a trunk diameter of 3°, the branches spread- 
ing, the old bark rough, furrowed, flaky in strips. 
Leaves in 3's (very rarely some in 4’s), stout and stiff, 
rather dark green, 3/-5’ long, spreading when mature ; 
fibro-vascular bundles 2; sheaths 4’/-6’’ long when 
young; cones lateral, ovoid, 1'%4’-3/ long, becoming 
nearly globular when the scales open, commonly 
numerous and clustered ; scales thickened at the apex, 
the transverse ridge acute, provided with a stout cen- 
tral triangular recurved-spreading prickle. 
In dry, sandy or rocky soil, New Brunswick to Georgia, 
west to southern Ontario, West Virginia and Kentucky. 
Ascends to 3000 ft. in Virginia. This forms most of the 
“pine barrens”? of Long Island and New Jersey. Wood 
soft, brittle, coarse-grained, light reddish-brown; weight 
per cubic foot 32 Ibs. Also called Sap Pine and Candle- 
wood Pine; produces numerous shoots from cut stumps. 
April-May. 
Pinus Taeda J,. Sp. Pl. 1000. 1753. 
A large forest tree, reaching under favorable con- 
ditions, a height of 150° and a trunk diameter of 
5°, the branches spreading, the bark thick and 
rugged, flaky in age. Leaves in 3’s (rarely some 
of them in 2's), slender, not stiff, light green, as- 
cending or at length spreading, 6/10’ long; fibro- 
vascular bundles 2; sheaths 8’/-12’’ long when 
young ; cones lateral, spreading, oblong-conic, 3/—5/ 
long, 1/-11'4’ thick before the scales open; scales 
thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge promi- 
nent, acute, tipped with a central short triangular 
reflexed-spreading spine. 
Delaware to Florida and Texas, mostly near the coast, 
north through the Mississippi Valley to Arkansas. 
Wood not strong, brittle, coarse-grained, light brown; 
weight per cubic foot 34 lbs. Springs up in old 
fields or in clearings. Also called Frankincense Pine. 
April-May. 
Pitch Pine. Torch Pine. (Fig. 11g.) 
If ff, 
