WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY. 87 
1. Lophotocarpus calycinus (Engelm.) J. G. Smith. Lophotocarpus. 
(Fig. 192.) 
Sagittaria calycina Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 
Surv. 212. 1859. : ree 
Lophiocarpus calycinus Micheli in DC. Monog. Phan. 
61. 1881. 
Lophotocarpus calycinus J. G. Smith, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 
25. 1894. 
Annual, leaves floating or ascending, entire, has- 
tate or sagittate, the basal lobes spreading, ovate, 
acute or acuminate, the apex acute or obtuse, the 
blade varying from 1/—-8’ long, sometimes 12’ wide at 
the base. Scape simple, weak and at length decum- 
bent, mostly shorter than the leaves; verticils of 
flowers 1-5; bracts membranous, orbicular or ovate 
and obtuse, or those of staminate flowers lanceolate 
and acute; fertile pedicels very thick, recurved in 
fruit, equalling or longer than the slender sterile 
ones; petals 3’’-4’’ long; stamens hypogynous; fila- 
ments flattened, papillose, about as long as the an- 
thers; achene obovate, 1’’ long, narrowly winged on 
the margins, tipped with a short horizontal triangular 
beak. 
In swamps, New Brunswick to Virginia and Louisiana, 
across the continent to California, thus occurring nearly 
throughout the United States. Foliage wonderfully vari- 
able in form. July—Sept. 
4. SAGITTARIA L,. Sp. Pl. 993.1753. 
Perennial aquatic or bog herbs, mostly with tuber-bearing or nodose rootstocks, fibrous 
roots, basal long petioled nerved leaves, the nerves connected by numerous veinlets, 
and erect, decumbent or floating scapes, or the leaves reduced to bladeless phyllodia 
(figs. 197, 203). Flowers monoecious or dioecious, borne near the summits of the scapes 
in verticils of 3’s, pedicelled, the staminate usually uppermost. Verticils 3-bracted. 
Calyx of 3 persistent sepals, those of the pistillate flowers reflexed or spreading in our 
species. Petals 3, white, deciduous. Stamens usually numerous, inserted on the convex 
receptacle ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscent by lateral slits; staminate flowers sometimes with 
imperfect ovaries. Pistillate flowers with numerous distinct ovaries, sometimes with imper- 
fect stamens; ovule solitary ; stigmas small, persistent. Achenes numerous, densely aggre- 
gated in globose or subglobose heads, compressed. Sced erect, curved ; embryo horseshoe- 
shaped. [Latin, referring to the arrow-shaped leaves of some species. | 
About 25 species, natives of temperate and tropical regions. Besides the following, some 10 
others occur in the southern and western parts of North America. 
Fertile pedicels slender, ascending, not reflexed in fruit. 
Leaf-blades sagittate. 
Basal lobes one-fourth to one-half the length of the blade. 
Beak of the achene more than one-fourth its length. 
Beak of the achene erect. 
Fruiting pedicels shorter than the bracts ; leaves broad. 
Fruiting pedicels longer than the bracts ; leaves narrow. 
Beak of the achene horizontal or oblique. 
Beak of the achene less than one-fourth its length. 
Petioles rather short, curving ; bracts long ; bog species. 
Petioles elongated ; bracts short ; aquatic species. 
. S. longtrostra. 
. Engelmannia. 
. latifolia. 
°S; 
iS 
S. arifolia. 
S. cuneata. 
5 
Dnt OPH 
Basal lobes two-thirds to three-fourths the length of the blade. . S. longiloba. 
Leaves entire, or rarely hastate or cordate. 
Filaments slender, tapering upward ; leaves seemingly pinnately veined. 
Filaments glabrous ; bracts connate. 7. S. ambigua, 
Filaments cobwebby-pubescent ; bracts mostly distinct. 8. S. lancifolia. 
Filaments abruptly dilated, pubescent ; veins distinct to the base of the blade. 
Fruiting heads sessile or very nearly so. g. S. rigida. 
Both staminate and pistillate flowers pedicelled. 
Leaves reduced to terete nodose phyllodia, rarely blade-bearing. 
10. .S. /eres. 
Leaves rigid, blades elliptic-linear. tr. S. eristata. 
Leaves not rigid ; blades lanceolate or linear-oblong. 12. S. graminea, 
Fertile pedicels stout, reflexed in fruit ; filaments dilated. 
Filaments pubescent ; leaf-blades ovate or ovate-elliptic. 13. S. platyphylla, 
Filaments glabrous ; leaves linear-lanceolate or reduced to phyllodia. 14. S. swbudafa. 
