120 GRAMINEAE. 
21. Panicum nitidum Lam, Shining Panicum. (Fig. 263.) 
Panicum nitidum Yam. Encycl. 4: 748. 1797. 
Culms at first simple, 12’-18/ tall, later profusely 
dichotomously branched, 2°-3° long. Sheaths glab- 
rous to pubescent; ligule pilose; leaves glabrous to 
sparingly hirsute, truncate or slightly rounded at base, 
the primary ones 1/—3’ long, 114’’-3’’ wide, erect, 
those of the branches %4’—-1’ long, 1’’ wide or less; 
primary panicle long-exserted, 1/-2’ long, ovoid, 
those of the branches smaller and exceeded by the 
leaves; spikelets about %4’/ long, obovoid, pubescent, 
usually purple; first scale about one-third as long as 
the spikelet, 1-nerved; second and third scales broadly 
oval or orbicular, 7-nerved, shining; fourth scale 
minutely apiculate, 14’ long. 
Common in dry sandy soil, in the Eastern and Middle 
States, and probably much more widely distributed. 
June-Aug. 
22. Panicum dichétomum [,. Forked Panicum. (Fig. 264.) 
Panicum dichotomum I,. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753. 
Panicum ramulosum Michx. F1. Bor. Am. 1: 50. 1803. 
Smooth and glabrous, or the lower nodes barbed, 
culms erect, %°-2° tall, at first simple, later pro- 
fusely dichotomously branched at about the middle. 
Leaves light green, widely spreading, generally 
much narrowed toward the base, the primary 
ones distant, 2/-3/ long, 2//-3/’ wide, those of 
the branches 1/ long or less, 1%4’/-1/’ wide, some- 
times inyolute; primary panicle usually long- 
exserted, 1/-2’ long; branches lax, spreading, 
bearing few spikelets ; secondary panicles smaller, 
not exceeding the leaves, their branches with very 
few spikelets ; spikelets about 1’’ long, ellipsoid, 
glabrous. 
In woodlands and thickets, New York to Kentucky, 
Missouri and southward, June-July. SWS 
23. Panicum barbulatum Michx. Barbed Panicum. (Fig. 265.) . 
V Panicum barbulatum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. I: 49. 
Le 1803. 
Culms at first simple, erect, 2°—-3° tall, later pro- 
fusely branched for their whole length, 3°-4° long, 
prostrate or leaning, the nodes strongly barbed. 
Leaves smooth and glabrous, generally truncate or 
rounded at the base, the primary ones 3/—5’ long, 
about 4’ wide, widely spreading, the lower ones 
usually reflexed, those of the branches '%’—2’ long, 
1//-2/’ wide ; primary panicle 3’-5’ long, exserted, 
ovoid, its branches ascending, rigid; secondary 
panicles smaller, lax, not exceeding the leaves, the 
branches bearing few spikelets; spikelets about 
3’ long, ellipsoid, purple, glabrous; first scale 
about one-third as long as the spikelet, acute. 
Moist soil, New York to Tennessee, south to Florida 
and Texas. June-Aug. 
OE ———— 
