GRASS FAMILY. 205 
11. Poa glauca Vahl. Glaucous Spear-grass. (Fig. 469.) 
Poa glauca Vahl, Fl. Dan. fl. 964. 1790. 
Poa caesia J. E. Smith, Eng. Bot. fl. 7779. 1807. 
Culms 6/-2° tall, erect, simple, rigid, glabrous, 
somewhat glaucous. Sheaths overlapping, confined 
to the lower half of the culm; ligule 1/” long; leaves 
1/-2/ long, 1’’ wide or less, smooth beneath, scabrous 
above; panicle 1/-3’ in length, open, the branches 
erect or ascending, '%/-114’ long; spikelets 2-4- 
flowered, 2!4’’-3’’ long; empty basal scales acute, 
g-nerved, glabrous, rough on the upper part of the 
keel; flowering scales 1 14’/-134 ’’ long, obtuse or acut- 
ish, rough, not webbed at the base, the lower half of 
the midnerve and marginal nerves silky-pubescent, 
the intermediate nerves obscure and occasionally 
sparingly pubescent at the base. 
White Mountains of New Hampshire. Alsoin Europe. 
Summer. 
12. Poa nemoralis I. Wood Meadow-grass. 
Northern Spear-grass. (Fig. 470.) 
Poa nemoralis J,. Sp. Pl. 69. 1753- 
Poa caesia var. strictior A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5,629. 1867. 
Culms 6/—2° tall, erect, simple, slender, sometimes 
rigid, smooth and glabrous. Sheaths usually shorter 
than the internodes; ligule %//-1/’ long, truncate; 
leaves 1/-4’ long, 1’’ wide or less, erect, smooth or 
rough; panicle 2/-5’ in length, open, the branches 
erect or ascending, rarely spreading, 1/2’ long; spike- 
lets 2—5-flowered, 114’/-214’’ long; lower scales acute 
or acuminate, I-3-nerved; flowering scales obtuse or 
acute, 1//-1¢ ’’ long, faintly 5-nerved, somewhat webby 
at base, the midnerve and the marginal nerves silky- 
pubescent on the lower half. 
Anticosti Island to British Columbia, south to Maine, 
Minnesota, South Dakota, and in the Rocky Mountains 
to Colorado. Also in Europe and Asia. Summer, 
13. Poa flava I. False Red-top. Fowl Meadow-grass. (Fig. 471.) 
Poa flava I,. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753. / 
Poa serotina Ehrh. Beitr. 6:83. 1791. 
Culms 11%4°-5° tall, erect, simple or rarely 
branched, smooth, glabrous. Sheaths usually 
shorter than the internodes, smooth and gla- 
brous; ligule 1’/-2’’ long; leaves 2/-6’ long, 
1//-2/ wide, smooth or rough; panicle 6’—13/ 
in length, open, the branches spreading or as- 
cending, 2’-5’ long, divided and spikelet-bear- 
ing above the middle; spikelets 3~-5-flowered, 
14//-2’ long, exceeding their pedicels; lower 
scales acute, glabrous, rough above on the 
keel, the lower usually r1-nerved, the upper 
3-nerved; flowering scales obtuse, somewhat 
webby at the base, 1’/-1'%4’’ long, silky-pubes- 
cent on the lower half of the marginal nerves 
and the midnerve, the intermediate nerves ob- 
scure or wanting. 
_ In swampy places, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to Vancouver Island, south to New Jersey, 
Illinois and Nebraska. Also in Europe aud Asia. July—Aug. 
