222 GRAMINEAE. 
8. Bromus hordeaceus I. Soft Chess. (Fig. 513.) 
Bromus hordeaceus ¥,. Sp. Pl. 77. 1753. 
Bromus mollis I, Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 112. 1762. 
Culms 8/—3° tall, erect, often slender, usually pubes- 
cent below the panicle. Sheaths shorter than the in- 
ternodes, mostly pubescent; ligule %4’” long; leaves 
1’-7’ long, 1’/-3’’ wide, pubescent; panicle generally 
contracted, its branches erect or ascending, 1’-2’ long; 
spikelets appressed-pubescent, on short pedicels; 
empty scales acute, the first 3-nerved, the second 
longer, 5-7-nerved; flowering scales broad, obtuse, 
314’/-414”’ long, 7-9-nerved, bearing an awn 3//-4’’ in 
length between the obtuse or acute teeth. 
In fields and waste places, New York to Virginia. 
Locally adventive from Europe. July—Aug. 
g. Bromus secalinus I. Cheat. Chess. (Fig. 514.) 
Bromus secalinus V,. Sp. Pl. 76. 1753- 
Culms 1°-3° tall, erect, simple, smooth and glabrous. 
Sheaths usually shorter than the internodes, generally 
glabrous; ligule %’’ long, erose; leaves 2/-9/ long, 1’/— 
3// wide, smooth or rough, sometimes hairy; panicle 2’— 
8’ in length, open, its branches ascending or drooping; 
spikelets turgid, glabrous, erect or somewhat pendulous, 
6-10-flowered; empty scales scabrous toward the apex, 
the first 3-nerved, acute, the second longer and broader, 
7-nerved, obtuse; flowering scales 3/’-4/’ long, broad, 
turgid, obtuse, rough toward the apex, the nerves ob- 
scure awnless, or bearing a straight awn 4’’ long or less 
between the obtuse short teeth; palet about equalling 
the scale. 
In fields and waste places almost throughout temperate 
North America, often a pernicious weed in grain fields. 
Naturalized from Europe. Native also of Asia. June—Aug. 
1o. Bromus racemosus J. Upright Chess. Smooth Brome-grass. 
(Fig. 515.) 
Bromus racemosus 1,, Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 114. 1762. 
Culms 1°-3° tall, erect, simple, smooth and gla- 
brous, or sparingly pubescent below the panicle. 
Sheaths shorter than the internodes, glabrous or 
pubescent; ligule 1// long; leaves 1/—9/ long, %3//—4’/ 
wide, pubescent; panicle 1/-10’ in length, the 
branches erect or ascending, the lower sometimes 
2%’ long; spikelets erect, 5-11-flowered; empty 
scales acute, the first 3—-nerved, the second longer 
and broader, 5~-9-nerved; flowering scales broad, 
3'2/’-4'4’’ long, obtuse, smooth and shining, the 
nerves prominent; awn straight, 3’/-4’’ in length; 
palet considerably shorter than the scale. 
In fields and waste places all over the eastern United 
States and British America; also on the Pacific Coast. 
Naturalized from Europe. Native alsoof Asia. June- 
Aug. 
