— 
GRASS FAMILY. 233 
gt. HYSTRIX Moench, Meth. 294. 1794. 
[ASPRELLA Willd. Enum. 132. 1809. Not Schreb. 1789. ] 
[GyMNosTICHUM Schreb. Beschr. Gras. 2: 127. fl. g7. 1810. ] 
Usually tall grasses, with flat leaves and terminal spikes. Spikelets 2-several-flowered, 
in pairs, rarely in 3’s, at each node of the rachis. Empty scales wanting, or sometimes ap- 
pearing as mere rudiments; flowering scales narrow, convolute, rigid, rounded on the back, 
5-nerved above, terminating in an awn; palet scarcely shorter than the scale, 2-keeled. 
Stamens 3. Styles very skort, distinct. Stigmas plumose. Grain oblong, adhering to the 
palet when dry. [Greek name of the Porcupine, referring to the long awns. ] 
Four known species, the following and a Cali- 
fornian one occurring in North America. 
1. Hystrix Hystrix (L.) Millsp. 
Bottle-brush Grass. (Fig. 541.) 
Elymus Hystriz ¥,. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 124. 1762. 
Asprella Hystrix Willd. Enum. 132. 1809. 
Gymnostichum Hystrix Schreb, Beschr. Gras. 2: 
127. pl. 47. 1810. 
Hystrix Hystrix Millsp. Fl. W. Va. 474. 1892. 
Culms 2°-4° tall, erect, simple, smooth and 
glabrous. Sheaths usually shorter than the in- 
ternodes; ligule very short; leaves 4!4’-9/ long, 
3//-6” wide, smooth beneath, rough above; 
spike 3/—7’ in length, spikelets at length widely 
spreading, 4’’-6’’ long, exclusive of the awns; 
empty scales awn-like, usually present in the 
lowest spikelet; flowering scales 4’’-6’’ long, 
acuminate into an awn about 1’ in length. 
In rocky woods, New Brunswick to Ontario, 
south to Georgia, Illinois and Minnesota. Ascends 
to 2100 ft. in Virginia. Spikelets very easily de- 
tached, even when young. June-July. 
92. ARUNDINARIA Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 73. 1803. 
Arborescent or shrubby grasses, with simple or branched culms and flat short-petioled 
leaves which are articulated with the sheath. Spikelets borne in panicles or racemes, 
2-many-flowered, large, compressed. Empty scales 1 or 2, the first sometimes wanting; 
flowering scales longer, not keeled, many nerved; palets scarcely shorter than the scales, 
prominently 2-keeled. Lodicules 3. Stamens 3. Styles 2or3. Stigmas plumose. Grain 
furrowed, free, enclosed in the scale and palet. [From Arundo, the Latin name of the Reed. ] 
About 24 species, natives of Asia and America. ‘Iwo are found in the southern United States. 
1. Arundinaria técta (Walt.) Muhl. 
Scutch Cane. Small Cane. (Fig. 542.) 
\ Arundo tecta Walt. Fl. Car. 81. 1788. 
Arundinaria tecta Muhl. Gram. 191. 1817. 
Arundinaria macrosperma vat. suffruticosa 
| Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. 26:15. 1868. 
\/ | Culms 3°-15° tall, erect, shrubby, branch- 
rough, ciliate on the margins; ligule bristly; 
leaves lanceolate, 314/-8’ long, 4//-12’’ wide, 
flat, more or less pubescent beneath, glabrous 
above; racemes terminal, or on short leafless 
culms; spikelets 7-10-flowered, 1/-1 4’ long, on 
pedicels 1’ in length or less, which are some- 
times pubescent; empty scales unequal, the first 
usually very small, sometimes wanting; flower- 
ing scales 6//-10’’ long, acute or acuminate, 
smooth, scabrous or pubescent. 
ing at the summit, smooth and glabrous. 
Sheaths longer than the internodes, smooth or 
In swamps and moist soil, Maryland to Indiana 
and Missouri, Florida and Texas, May-July. 
