272 CYPERACEAE. 
2. Eriophorum vaginatum I, Sheathed Cotton-grass. 
(Fig. 638.) 
Eriophorum vaginatum I,. Sp. Pl. 52. 1753. 
June-Aug. 
Culms tufted, stiff, obtusely triangular, smooth, 
slender, 8’—16’ tall, leafless, except at the base, 
bearing two distant inflated sheaths, the upper one 
usually above the middle. 
triangular, channeled, slightly rough, shorter than 
or sometimes overtopping the culm; involucral 
leaf wanting; spikelet solitary, ovoid, erect; scales 
ovate-lanceolate or the lowest lanceolate, acumi- 
nate, purple-brown, thin; bristles numerous, white, 
straight, glossy, 4-5 times as long as the scale; an- 
thers linear; achene obovoid, obtuse, brown, dull, 
minutely apiculate. 
Leaves stiff, filiform, 
In bogs, Newfoundland to Alaska, south to Mas- 
sachusetts, Pennsylvania and Minnesota. 
northern Europe and Asia. 
Also in 
3. Eriophorum Scheuchzéri Hoppe. Scheuchzer’s Cotton-grass. (Fig. 639. ) 
Eriophorum Scheuchzeri Hoppe, Taschenb. 1800: 104. 
1800. 
Eriophorum capitatum Host, Gram. Aust. 1: 30. p/. 38. 
1801. 
Similar to the preceding species but the sheaths all 
blade-bearing or only the upper one bladeless, culms 
slender, smooth, nearly terete, 10’-20’ tall. Leaves 
filiform, channeled, usually much shorter than the 
culm; spikelet solitary, terminal, erect; involucre 
none; scales ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, pur- 
ple-brown, membranous; bristles numerous, white 
or slightly yellowish, weak, nearly straight, 4-5, 
times as long as the scale; ‘‘ anthers cordate-ovate;’’ 
achene narrowly oblong, acute, brown, dull, subu- 
late-beaked. 
In bogs, Newfoundland and Labrador to Manitoba, 
Alaska und Oregon. Also in Europe. Summer. 
4. Eriophorum russéolum Fries. Russet Cotton-grass. 
end, apiculate. 
(Fig. 640.) 
Eriophorum russeolum Fries, Novit. Mant. 3: 67. 
June-Aug. 
1842. 
Culms solitary or little tufted, triangular, erect, 
smooth, 8/18’ tall, much longer than the leaves. 
Upper sheath inflated, bladeless, mucronate, rarely 
with a short subulate blade, usually borne below the 
middle of the culm; leaves filiform, triangular-chan- 
neled, mucronate, 1/-4’ long; spikelet solitary, erect; 
involucre none; scales ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 
thin, purplish-brown with nearly white margins; 
bristles numerous, bright reddish-brown, 3-5 times 
as long as the scale; achene oblong, narrowed at each 
Scarcely differs from the preceding species except in 
the color of the bristles and the shorter-pointed achene. 
In bogs, Newfoundland to Quebec. 
