SEDGE FAMILY. 289 
Scales acute, cuspidate, acuminate, or awned. 
Perigynia obtusely 3-angled. 
Perigynia obovoid, 1 ''-11!4"’ long. 107. C. laxiflora. 
Perigynia oblong, narrow, about 2’’ long. 108. C. stvlofleaa. 
Perigynia sharply 3-angled. 
Spikes drooping or spreading; leaves 1'’-2'' wide, or wider in the variety. 
10g. C. digtialts. 
Spikes erect; leaves 3/'-6'' wide. 110, C. Careyana. 
Leaves broad, 6''-18'' wide. 
Bracts leafy, the upper usually overtopping the spikes. 111. C. Albursina. 
Bracts mostly reduced to purple leafless sheaths. 112. C. plantaginea. 
Plants distinctly glaucous. 
Pistillate spikes drooping on hair-like stalks. 113. C. lavtculmis. 
Pistillate spikes erect. 
Basal leaves much longer than the culm. 114. C. ptychocarpa. 
Basal leaves shorter than the culm or equalling it. 
Leaves 6''-12'' wide. 115. C. platy phylla. 
Leaves 1''-2'’ wide. 
Scales acute; perigynia yellow, purple or mottled. 116. C. panicea, 
Scales obtuse, or the loweracute; perigynia pale green. 117. C. livida. 
OO Perigynia white, yellow or becoming brown. BICOLORES. 
Perigynia beakless. 118. C. aurea. 
Perigynia with a short cylindric beak; arctic species. 119. C. bicolor. 
2% Leaves and culms almost capillary; bracts reduced to bladeless sheaths. D1GITraTAr. 
120. C. settfolia. 
Tf Scales of the spikes leaf-like, elongated. PHYLLOSTACHYAE. 
Lower scales 1'' wide or less, not concealing the perigynia. 
Body of the perigynium oblong; beak flattened. 136. C. Willdenovit. 
Body of the perigynium globose; beak subulate. 137. C. Jamesit. 
Lower scales 1'’—2'’ wide, concealing the perigynia. 138. C. durifolia. 
** Perigynia more or less pubescent (becoming glabrous in no. 123)- Nos. ‘121-132. 
Culm-leaves present, often short; bracts mainly reduced to bladeless purplish sheaths. PEDUN- 
CULATAE. 
Staminate spike short-stalked or sessile. 
Perigynia about twice as long as the scales. 121. C. concinna. 
Perigynia not longer than the scales. 122. C. Richardsont. 
Staminate spike long-stalked, commonly with some pistillate flowers at its base. 
123. C. pedunculata. 
Leaves all basal; bracts short or long, not sheathing. 
Neither the culm nor the leaves pubescent; perigynia rounded. MONTANAR. 
Plant not stoloniferous. 124. C. pedicellata. 
Plants stoloniferous, the stolons sometimes short. 
Culms, or some of them, longer than the leaves. 
Scales smooth or very nearly so. 
Staminate spike conspicuous, 3'’-9'’ long. 
Staminate spike stout, %’’-1'"' thick. 
, Plant dark green; staminate spike very prominent; perigynia broadly 
oval. 125. C. Pennsylvanica. 
Plant light green; staminate spike shorter; perigynia oblong. 
. 126. C. varia. 
Staminate spike very slender, not over 14"' thick. 127. C. Novae-Angliae. 
Staminate spike inconspicuous, rarely over 2'’ long (longer in the variety. ) 
128. C. deflexa. 
Seales, at least the lower, rough-awned. 129. C. praecox. 
Culms, or most of them, much shorter than the leaves. 
Scales light green with purple margins; perigynia oblong. 130. C. nigromarginata. 
Scales green with lighter scarious margins; perigynia oval. 131. C. umbellata. 
Plant pubescent all over; perigynia sharply 3-angled. TRIQUETRAR. 132. C. pubescens. 
(b) Spike solitary (except in no. 140), sometimes dioecious. Nos. 133-142. 
Leaves 1'-2' wide, thick, spreading. PHySOCEPHALAE. 133. C. Frasert. 
Teaves %''-3'' wide. 
Staminate and pistillate spikes on different culms. ScIRPINAE. 
Leaves longer than the culm; perigynia obovoid; southern species. 134. C. picta. 
Leaves shorter than the culm; perigynia oval; northern species. 135. C. sctrpotdea. 
Staminate and pistillate flowers in the same spike. 
Scales of the spike leaf-like, elongated. PHYLLOSTACHYAE. 
Lower scales 1'’ wide or less, not enclosing the perigynia. 
Body of the perigynium oblong, its beak flattened. 136. C. Willdenovt?. 
Body of the perigynium globose, its beak subulate. 137. C. Jamesti. 
Lower scales 1'’-214'’ wide, enclosing the perigynia. 138. C. durtfolia. 
Scales of the spike short, normal. 
Leaves %''-1'' wide; arctic and western species. RUPESTRES. 
Spike solitary, androgynous; perigynium-beak stout, long. 139. C. rupestris. 
Spikes 2-4, the staminate uppermost; perigynium-beak short. 140. C. supina. 
Leaves \'' wide or less. 
Perigynia obtuse, beakless; swamp species. J,EPTOCEPHALAE. 
141. C. leptalea. 
Perigynia obovoid-oval, beaked; prairie species. FILIFOLIAE. 
142. C. filifolia. 
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