SEDGE FAMILY. 291 
2. STAMINATE FLOWERS VARIOUSLY MINGLED WITH THE PISTILLATE IN THE SPIKES OR 
OCCASIONALLY FORMING WHOLE SPIKES. (See nos, 143-146.) 
Perigynia radiately spreading or reflexed. 174. C. sterilis. 
Perigynia erect or appressed. ; 
Perigynia wingless, the inner face flat. 187. C. bromoides. 
Perigynia winged, the inner face concave. 190. C. stccata. 
3. STAMINATE FLOWERS AT THE BASES OF THE SPIKES. NOS. 174-205. 
(a) Perigynia without a marginal wing. Nos. 174-187. ELONGATAE. 
Perigynia radiately spreading, or reflexed when old. 
Perigynia distinctly nerved on both faces, the beak rough. 
Perigynia lanceolate; beak more than half as long as the body. 174. C, stertlis. 
Perigynia ovate; beak about one-third as long as the body, abrupt. _ 175. C. Atlantica. 
Perigynia faintly nerved on the outer face, nerveless or nearly so on the inner; ie smoothish. 
176. C. interior. 
Perigynia ascending, appressed or somewhat spreading when old, not radiating. 
Perigynia ovate, oval, oblong or elliptic. 
Bracts short, scale-like or none, the lowest occasionally longer than its spike. 
Spikes distinctly separated or the upper close together. 
Heads silvery green or nearly white. 177. C. canescens. 
Heads brown or brownish. 
Spikes few-flowered, 2'’~3'’ long; perigynia less than 1'’ long, the beak manifest. 
178. C. brunnescens. 
Spikes dense, many-flowered; perigynia about 1’’ long, the beak very short. 
179. C. Norvegica. 
Spikes densely clustered at the top of the culm, or the lower separated. 
Spikes green or greenish brown. 
Spikes several in an ovoid cluster; perigynia ovate, rough-beaked. 
180. C. arcta. 
Spikes only 2-4; perigynia elliptic, beakless. 181. C. fenuiflora. 
Spikes dark brown; arctic species. 
Culms slender, stiff, erect. 
Leaves involute; scales about equalling the perigynia. 182. C. Heleonastes. 
Leaves flat; scales shorter than the perigynia. 183. C. lagopina. 
Culms weak, spreading or reclining. 184. C. glareosa. 
Bracts bristle-form, much elongated, much exceeding the 2-4 oblong nerved perigynia. 
185. C. trisperma. 
Perigynia lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate. 
Perigynia nerveless; spikes oblong or subglobose. 186. C. Deweyana. 
Perigynia strongly several-nerved; spikes narrowly oblong-cylindric. 187. C. bromozdes. 
(b) Perigynia with a narrow or broad marginal wing. Nos. 188-205. OVALES. 
Perigynia lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 2-5 times as long as wide. 
Top of the culm nodding; arctic and northwestern species. 188. C. pratensis. 
Culms strictly erect, mostly stiff. _ 
Perigynia nerveless, broadly winged; northwestern species. 189. C. xerantica. 
Perigynia several-nerved on both faces. 
Perigynia broadly winged; staminate flowers intermixed with the pistillate. 
190. C. siccata. 
Perigynia narrowly winged; staminate flowers all basal. 
Spikes '%'-1' long; perigynia about 4’’ long. 191. C. Muskingumensis. 
Spikes 2'’-8’’ long; perigynia 2’’-3'' long. 
Spikes oblong or oval; perigynia ascending or erect. 
Spikes green-brown, blunt. 192. C. tribuloides. 
Spikes bright brown, pointed; perigynia lanceolate. 193. C. scoparia. 
Spikes rather dark brown, blunt; perigynia ovate-lanceolate. 
194. C. leportna. 
Spikes subglobose; perigynia spreading, at least when old. 195. C. cvistatella. 
Perigynia ovate, not more than twice as long as wide (longer in some forms of no. 198. ) 
Perigynia narrowly winged above; heads greenish brown. 196. C. adusta. 
Perigynia broadly wing-margined. 
Perigynia spreading or ascending. 
Spikes silvery green. 197. C. foenea. 
Spikes yellowish brown or greenish. 198. C. straminea. 
Perigynia erect or appressed. 
Heads silvery green or nearly white; sea-beach species. 199. C. stlicea. 
Heads brown-green; meadow or rharsh species. 200. C. lenera. 
Perigynia orbicular, very broadly ovate or somewhat obovate, sometimes wider than long. 
Heads green-brown. 
Perigynia spreading or ascending; achene sessile. 201. C. feslucacea. 
Perigynia erect, 2''-2's'’ broad; achene short-stalked. 202. C. alata. 
Heads silvery green, yellowish or whitish. 
Perigynium-wing firm; achene sessile. 203. C. albolutescens. 
Perigynium-wing membranous; achene stalked. 204. C. Bicknellit. 
Perigynia narrowly linear-lanceolate, tapering into a subulate beak 2-3 times as long as the body. 
CYPEROIDEAE. 205. C. sychnocephala, 
