SEDGE FAMILY. 317 
76. Carex Caroliniana Schwein. Carolina 
Sedge. (Fig. 746.) 
Carex Caroliniana Schwein. Ann. Lyc. 1:67. 1824. 
Carex Smithii Porter; Olney, Car. Bor. Am. 2, name 
only. 1871. Not Tausch. 1821. 
C. triceps var. Smithii Bailey, Bot. Gaz. 13: 88. 1888. 
Culms very slender, erect, rough above, 1°-214° 
tall. Leaves 1//-1%’’ wide, rather dark green, 
glabrous except on the sheaths, the upper and the 
similar but narrower bracts usually much overtop- 
ping the spikes; spikes 2-4, oblong, dense, sessile 
or nearly so, 4’’-6’’ long, 2’’ in diameter; erect, 
clustered at the summit, the upper one staminate at 
the base; perigynia subglobose or obovoid, swollen, 
not imbricated, about '%4’’ in diameter, nerveless 
or faintly nerved, brown, beakless, glabrous at least 
when mature, the orifice entire; scales brown, ovate, 
mucronate; achene pyriform, bent at the summit 
or tipped with the bent style. 
In meadows, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to North Carolina and Arkansas. May-July. 
wein. Graceful Sedge. (Fig. 747.) 
Carex gracillima Schwein. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1:66. 1824. 
Carex gracillima var, humilis Bailey, Mem. Torr. 
Club, 1:71. 1889. 
Glabrous, culms slender, erect or spreading, 
roughish above, 1°-3° long. Leaves dark green, 
14%4//-3/’ wide, shorter than the culm, the basal 
ones wider than the upper; lower bract foliaceous, 
sometimes overtopping the spikes; spikes 3-5, nar- 
rowly cylindric, usually densely flowered except at 
the base, 1/-2'4’ long, about 2’’ thick or some- 
times much smaller, filiform-stalked and drooping, 
the upper one partly or wholly staminate; peri- 
gynia ovoid-oblong, obtuse, slightly swollen, few- 
nerved, glabrous, 1’’ long; scales thin, ovate-ob- 
long, very obtuse or the lower cuspidate, pale, 
scarious-margined, one-half as long as the peri- 
gynia; stigmas 3. 
In moist woods and meadows, Nova Scotia to Mani- 
toba, North Carolina, Ohio and Michigan. May-July. 
Professor Bailey has described a hybrid with C. A7rsu/a, occurring at Phillipstown, N. Y. 
Carex Sullivantii Boott, is a hybrid of this species with C. pubescens. 
78. Carex aestivalis M. A. Curtis. SummerSedge. (Fig. 748.) 
Carex aestivalis M. A. Curtis; A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. 
42:28. 1842. 
Culms very slender or filiform, erect or nearly so, 
smooth, or roughish near the summit, 1°-2° tall. 
Leaves flat, 1//-1%4’’ wide, elongated but usually 
shorter than the culm, their sheaths usually pubes- 
cent, the blades sometimes slightly so; lower bracts 
similar to the leaves but narrower; spikes 3-5, nar- 
rowly linear, erect or somewhat spreading, 1/-2’ 
long, about 114’’ thick, loosely many-flowered or 
the upper ones dense, the terminal one staminate at 
the base or also at the summit; perigynia oblong, 
pointed at both ends, 3-sided, glabrous, few-nerved, 
1’ long, %’’ thick, beakless, the orifice entire; 
scales ovate-oblong, obtuse, or the lower cuspidate 
or short-awned, green, thin, one-half as long as the 
perigynia or more; stigmas 3. 
In mountain woods, Massachusetts and northern 
New York to Georgia. June-Aug. 
