338 
139. Carex rupéstris All. 
CYPERACEAE. 
138. Carex durifolia Bailey. Back’s Sedge. (Fig. 808.) 
Rock Sedge. 
Carex Backii Boott; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 210. pi. 209. 
1840. Not C. Backana Dewey, 1836. 
Carex durifolia Bailey, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 428. 1893. 
Glabrous, culms scarcely 1’ high. Leaves as- 
cending or spreading, 6’-12’ long, 114’/-3’’ wide, 
very much overtopping the spikes; spikes 1-3, 
nearly basal, androgynous, 1 or 2 of them very 
slender-stalked, the staminate flowers few, termi- 
nal, inconspicuous, the pistillate 2-6, subtended by 
leafy bract-like elongated scales which nearly en- 
close the inflorescence; perigynia oval, smooth, 
gradually tapering into a stout subulate beak 
nearly or quite as long as the body, which is about 
1%” long and 1” thick; stigmas 3. 
In woods and thickets, Ontario to Manitoba, south to 
Massachusetts, New York, Ohio and Michigan. Also 
in Colorado (according to Bailey). May-June. 
(Fig. 809. ) 
Carex rupesiris All. Fl. Ped, 2: 264. pl. 92. f.1. 1785. 
Carex Drummondiana Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. 29: 
251. 1836. 
Culms rather stout, obtusely 3-angled, erect, 1/- 
6’ tall. Leaves 34/1’ wide, involute in drying, 
often curved, shorter than or exceeding the culm; 
bract subulate, erect, shorter than the terminal soli- 
tary androgynous spike or wanting; spike 6’/-12/’ 
long, the pistillate flowers few, basal; perigynia 
erect, smooth, obovoid or elliptic, firm, faintly few- 
nerved, about 2’’ long, the beak stout, cylindric, 
about one-half as long as the body; scales purple- 
brown, ovate, obtuse or subacute, wider and longer 
than the perigynia; stigmas 3. 
Labrador and Greenland to British Columbia, south 
in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado. Also in northern 
Europe and Asia. Summer. 
140. Carex supina Willd. Weak Arctic Sedge. (Fig. 810: ) 
Carex supina Willd.; Wahl, Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl. 
(II. ) 24: 158. 1803. 
Glabrous, densely tufted, culms slender or nearly 
filiform but erect, sharply 3-angled, 4’-10’ tall. 
Leaves about 14’’ wide, rough-margined, flat, shorter 
than the culm, erect or reclining; lower bract short, 
subulate; staminate spike solitary, sessile or very 
nearly so, 3/’-6’’ long; pistillate spikes 1-3, sessile 
near the summit of the culm, subglobose or oblong, 
few-flowered, 2’’-3’’ long, the upper one sometimes 
consisting of only 1-3 flowers; perigynia ovoid, 
smooth, hard, nerveless, about 1’” long, less than '// 
thick, 3-angled, tipped with a very short beak; scales 
ovate, brown-purple or lighter-margined, obtuse or 
subacute, equalling or rather longer than the peri- 
gynia; stigmas 3. 
Northern Minnesota (according to Bailey) and Mani- 
toba to arctic America and Greenland. Also in northern 
Europe and Asia. Summer. 
