SEDGE FAMILY. 
171. Carex cephalophora Muhl. Oval- 
headed Sedge. (Fig. 841.) 
Carex cephalophora Muhl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 220. 1805. 
Pale green, culms slender, erect, rough above, 10’— 
2° tall. Leaves 1’’-2’’ wide, sometimes overtopping 
the culm, usually shorter; bracts of the lower spikes 
short, bristle-form; spikes few, subglobose, densely 
clustered in a terminal short-oblong head 4’/-8’’ long, 
the staminate flowers terminal; perigynia broadly 
ovate, 1’’ long or less, pale, nerveless or very faintly 
few-nerved, tipped with a 2-toothed beak about one- 
fourth the length of the body; scales ovate, thin, 
rough-cuspidate or awned, equalling or a little 
shorter than the perigynia; stigmas 2. 
In dry fields and on hills, Maine and Ontario to Mani- 
toba, south to Florida, Missouri and Texas. Ascends to 
2500 ft. in Virginia. May-July. 
172. Carex Leavenworthii Dewey. Leavenworth’s Sedge. (Fig. 842.) 
Carex Leavenworthii Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. (II.) 2: 
246. 1846. 
Carex cephalophora var. angustifolia Boott, Ill. 123- 
1862. 
Similar to the preceding species but smaller, culms 
very slender or almost filiform, erect, roughish, 6’—15’ 
tall. Leaves much narrower, %4//-114’’ wide, mostly 
shorter than the culm; bracts of the lower spikes 
short, bristle-form or wanting; spikes 4-7, densely 
crowded in an oblong head 4//-8/’ long, similar to 
that of C. cephalophora but usually smaller, the lower 
sometimes compound, the staminate flowers terminal; 
perigynia orbicular-ovate, rather less than 1/’ long 
and about as wide, tipped with a very short 2-toothed 
beak; scales ovate, acute or cuspidate, shorter and 
narrower than the perigynia; stigmas 2. 
In meadows, Missouri to Louisiana, Arkansas and 
Texas. May-June. 
173. Carex Muhlenbérgii Schk. Muhlenberg’s Sedge. (Fig. 843.) 
Carex Muhlenbergit Schk. Riedgr. Nachtr. 12. /f. 178. 
1806 
light green, culms slender but stiff and erect, 
sharply 3-angled, rough, at least above, 1°-214° tall. 
Leaves 1//-2’’ wide, usually shorter than the culm, 
somewhat involute in drying; bracts bristle-form, 
usually short; spikes 4-10, ovoid or subglobose, dis- 
tinct but close together in an oblong head 9//-15/’ 
long, the staminate flowers terminal; perigynium 
broadly ovate-oval, 114’’ long, 1/’ wide, strongly 
nerved on both faces, ascending, tipped with a short 
2-toothed beak; scales hyaline with a green midyein, 
ovate-lanceolate, rough-cuspidate or short-awned, 
narrower and mostly longer than the perigynia; 
stigmas 2. 
In dry fields and on hills, Massachusetts to Ontario 
and Minnesota, south to Florida and Texas. May-July. 
Carex Muhlenbérgii Xalapénsis (Kunth.) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5:86. 1894: 
Carex Xalapensis Kunth, Enum. 2: 380. 1837. 
Carex Muhlenbergii var. enervis Boott, Ml. 124. 1862. 
Perigynia nearly or quite nerveless; leaves broader and longer. Southern New York to Mis- 
souri, Texas and Mexico. 
