35° CYPERACEAE. 
174. Carex stérilis Willd. Little Prickly Sedge. (Fig. 844.) 
j Nas Carex sterilis Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 208. 1805. 
C. echinata var. microstachys Boeck. Linnaea, 39: 125. 1875. 
Carex sterilis var. angustata Bailey, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 
425. 1893. wht 
Carex sterilis var. excelsior Bailey, loc. cit. 424. 1893. 
: Culms slender, stiff, erect or rarely spreading, 8/18” 
tall, rough, at least above. Leaves %4’/-1’’ wide, shorter 
than the culm; bracts very short or sometimes bristle- 
form; spikes 3-5, subglobose or short-oblong, contigu- 
ous or separated, about 244’ thick; staminate flowers 
basal, usually numerous at the bottom of the upper 
spike, or whole spikes occasionally staminate, or plants 
rarely quite dioecious; perigynia pale, lanceolate, com- 
pressed, spreading or reflexed when old, 114’ long, 14” 
wide, several-nerved on both faces, thickened at the 
4 base, tapering into a sharp-edged 2-toothed rough beak 
more than one-half as long as the body; scales ovate, 
AWN NN ; Leet : 
WAN hyaline, shorter than the perigynia; stigmas 2. 
In moist soil, Newfoundland to British Columbia, south to Florida, Louisiana, Colorado and 
California. Ascends to 4ooo ft. in Virginia. Variable. May-July. 
Carex stérilis cephalantha Bailey, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 425. 1893. 
Carex echinata var. cephalantha Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club, 1:58. 1889. 
Stouter, sometimes 2° tall. Spikes 4-8, contiguous or separated; flowers more numerous; peri- 
gynia rather larger; spikes very bristly. Range nearly that of the species; perhaps merely a stout form. 
175. Carex Atlantica Bailey. Eastern Sedge. (Fig. 845.) 
Carex stellulata var. conferta Chapm. FI. S. States, 534. 
1860. Not C. conferta Koch. 
Carex Atlantica Bailey, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 425. 1893. 
Similar to large forms of the preceding species but 
stouter, culms very rough above, 1°-214° tall. Leaves 
1//-1'4’’ wide, stiff, flat or in drying somewhat invo- 
lute, the upper sometimes overtopping the spikés; 
spikes 4-7, spreading, subglobose or short-cylindric, 
nearly 3’’ in diameter, several-many-flowered, the 
staminate flowers numerous at the base of the terminal 
one, or this rarely entirely staminate; perigynia broadly 
ovate, flat, sharp-margined, 1/’/-1%’’ long, 1/’ wide, 
cordate or rounded at the base, strongly several- 
nerved on the outer face, few-nerved on the inner, 
spreading or reflexed at maturity, abruptly tipped 
with a stout, rough 2-toothed beak about one-third as 
long as the body; scales shorter than the perigynia. 
In swamps, Newfoundland to Florida. June-July. 
176. Carex intérior Bailey. Inland Sedge. (Fig. 846.) 
Carex interior Bailey, Bull. Torr. Club, 20: 426. 1893. 
Similar to C. sferi/is, culms very slender, wiry, 
rather stiff, erect, 1°-2° tall. Leaves only about 
44’ wide, shorter than the culm; bract of the lower 
spike very short; spikes 2-4, nearly globular, 
somewhat separated, several-flowered, 2’’ in dia- 
meter, the terminal one staminate at the base; 
perigynia ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1’ or less 
long, about 1%’ wide, faintly few-nerved on the 
outer face, nearly nerveless on the inner, thickened, 
rounded or subcordate at the base, spreading or re- 
flexed when old, tapering into a nearly smooth 
2-toothed beak one-third to one-half as long as the 
body; scales ovate, acute or obtusish, shorter than 
the perigynia; stigmas 2. 
Wet soil, Maine to Minnesota, Florida and Kansas. 
Differs from C. sferr/is in its shorter, shorter-beaked 
and weaker-nerved perigynia. May-July. 
