SEDGE FAMILY. 357 
195. Carex cristatélla Britton. Crested Sedge. (Fig. 865.) 
Carex cristata Schwein. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1: 66." 1824. 
Not Clairv. 1811. 
Carex tribuloides var. cristata Bailey, Proc. Am. 
Acad. 22:148. 1886. 
Culms slender or rather stout, 1%4°-2%° tall, 
stiff, erect, roughish above, longer than the leaves. 
Leaves 114’/-2’’ wide; lower bracts bristle-form, 
1¢/-134’ long; heads 6-15, globose or subglobose, 
2//-3’’ in diameter, all densely aggregated into an 
oblong head 1’ long or more or the lower slightly 
separated; staminate flowers basal; perigynia lan- 
ceolate or ovate lanceolate, spreading or ascending, 
squarrose when mature, green or greenish brown, 
1'4//-2”” long, less than 1’ wide, narrowly wing- 
margined, several-nerved on both faces, tapering 
into a ciliate 2-toothed beak; scales lanceolate, 
nearly white, much shorter than the perigynia; 
stigmas 2. 
In meadows and thickets, New Brunswick to Mani- 
toba, south to Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Illinois and 
Nebraska. Ascends to 2100 ft. in Virginia. July—Sept. 
196. Carex adusta Boott. Browned Sedge. (Fig. 866.) 
Carex adusta Boott; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 215. 184o. 
Culms stout, stiff, erect, entirely smooth, 114°- 
2%4° tall, growing in dense tufts. Leaves about 1/’ 
wide, long-pointed, shorter than the culm; bracts 
subulate, tapering from a broad nerved base, the 
lower I or 2 usually elongated, nearly erect, often 
exceeding the spikes; spikes 5-12, subglobose or 
short-oval, several-flowered; densely clustered and 
apparently confluent, or slightly separated, bright 
greenish brown; staminate flowers basal; perigynia 
broadly ovate, firm, very narrowly wing-margined 
or wingless, rough above, plano-convex, 2//-214’’ 
long, 1/’-14’’ wide, tapering into a 2-toothed 
beak, several-nerved on the outer face, nerveless 
on the inner, ascending; scales lanceolate, acute or 
cuspidate, about equalling the perigynia; stigmas 2. 
In dry soil, New Brunswick to the Northwest Terri- 
tory, New York and Michigan. June-July. 
foénea Willd. Hay Sedge. 
Carex foenea Willd. Enum. 957. 1809. 
Carex argyrantha Tuckerm.; Wood, Class-book, 753. 1860. 
Rather light green, culm slender, smooth, erect or the 
summit nodding, 1°-314° tall. Leaves flat, soft, 1//-2/’ 
wide, shorter than the culm; bracts very short or wanting, 
or the lowest occasionally manifest; spikes 4-10, subglo- 
bose or short-oblong, narrowed at the base, 212//—-3’’ in di- 
ameter, silvery green, all separated on a sometimes zigzag 
rachis or the upper contiguous; staminate flowers basal; 
perigynia ovate, thin, about 114’ long and nearly 1/’ 
wide, broadly wing-margined, strongly several-nerved on 
both faces, tapering into a short rough 2-toothed beak; 
scales hyaline, lanceolate, acuminate, about equalling the 
perigynia; stigmas 2. 
In dry woods, often on rocks, New Brunswick to Pennsyl- 
vania, Minnesota and British Columbia. June-July. 
Carex foénea perpléxa Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club, 1: 27. 1880. 
Culms stouter, spikes commonly aggregated and larger, less contracted at the base, the summit 
of the culm erect or nearly so; perigynia thicker. Maine and Virginia to Minnesota. 
