ARUM FAMILY. 363 
3 CALLAdtT, Sp. Pl. 968. 1753. 
A bog herb with slender acrid rootstocks, broadly ovate or nearly orbicular cordate 
leaves, and a large white persistent spathe. Spathe ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate, 
open. Spadix cylindric, much shorter than the spathe, densely covered with flowers. 
Flowers perfect or the very uppermost staminate; perianth none, Stamens about 6; fila- 
ments linear, longer than the anthers; anther-sacs divaricate, opening by slits. Ovary 
ovoid, 1-celled; style very short; stigma small, flat, circular. Ovules 6-9, anatropous. 
Berries obconic, depressed. Seeds hard, smooth, oblong, striate toward the micropyle and 
pitted at the other end. Endosperm copious. [An ancient name, taken from Pliny. ] 
A monotypic genus of the cooler portions of 
the north temperate zone. 
1. Calla palustris L. Water Arum. 
(Fig. 880.) 
Calla palustris ¥,. Sp. Pl. 968. 1753. 
Petioles 4/8’ long, spreading or ascending. 
Blades thick, entire, 1!4’-4’ wide, cuspidate or 
abruptly acute at the apex, deeply cordate at 
the base; scape as long as the petioles, sheathed 
at the base; rootstocks covered with sheathing 
scales and with fibrous roots at the nodes; 
spathe 1/-214’ long and about 1’ wide, with an 
abruptly acuminate involute apex; spadix 
about 1’ long; berries red, distinct, few-seeded, 
forming a large head when mature. 
In bogs, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south to Vir- 
ginia, Wisconsin and Iowa. Also in Europe and 
Asia. May-June. Fruit ripe July—Aug. 
4. SPATHYEMA Raf. Med. Rep. (II.) 5: 352. 1808. 
[SyMPLocARPUs Salisb.; Nutt. Gen. 1: 105. 1818.] 
A fetid herb, with large ovate cordate leaves, thick straight rootstocks and a short erect 
partly underground scape. Spathe swollen, shell-like, thick, pointed, completely enclosing 
the spadix. Spadix globose or oblong, short-stalked, entirely covered by the perfect flowers. 
Perianth of 4 hooded sepals. Filaments slightly dilated; anthers 2-celled, short, extrorse, 
opening longitudinally. Ovary nearly buried in the tissue of the spadix, 1-celled with a soli- 
tary suspended anatropous ovule. Style pyramidal, 4-sided, thick, elongated; stigma minute. 
Berries immersed in the spongy axis of the spadix, becoming adnate to the succulent peri- 
anth in ripening, 1-seeded, forming large heads. Seeds large. Embryo large, fleshy; endo- 
sperm none. [Greek, referring to the spathe. ] 
A monotypic genus of eastern North America and northeastern Asia. 
1. Spathyema foétida (L.) Raf. Skunk Cabbage. (Fig. 881.) 
Ete Dracontium foetidum J, Sp. Pl. 967. 1753. 
} \e Spathyema foetida Raf. Med. Rep. (II.) 5: 352. 1808 
c el Svmplocarpus foetidus Nutt. Gen. 1: 106, 1818. 
Leaves numerous, in large crowns, 1°-3° long, often 
1° wide, strongly nerved, abruptly acute at the apex, 
thin, entire, their petioles deeply channeled. Root- 
stock thick, descending, terminating in whorls of 
fleshy fibers; spathe preceding the leaves, erect, 3/—6/ 
high, 1/-3’ in diameter at the base, convolute, firm; 
purple-brown to greenish yellow, often mottled, its 
short scape usually subterranean, spadix about 1’ in 
diameter in flower, greatly enlarging and sometimes 
6’ in diameter in fruit; mature seeds 4’/-6’ long. 
In swamps and wet soil, Nova Scotia to Ontario and 
Minnesota, south to Florida and Iowa. Feb.-April. 
Fruit ripe Aug.—Sept. 
