RUSH FAMILY. 383 
2. Juncus conglomeratus I. Glomerate Rush. (Fig. 920.) 
Juncus conglomeratus I,. Sp. Pl. 326. 1753. | 
Juncus Leersti Mars. Fl. Neu-Vorpom. 451. 1869. 
Plant 1°-214° high, densely tufted, erect. Root- 
stock stout, with proliferous branches; stem dis- 
tinctly ribbed just beneath the inflorescence; leaf- 
blades wanting or reduced to minute filiform rudi- 
ments; inflorescence congested, seldom more than 
10’ high; lowest bract of the inflorescence 2/-6/ 
long, much shorter than the stem; perianth 114 //-2/’ 
long, its parts green, lanceolate, acuminate; stamens 
3, about two-thirds as long as the perianth; anthers 
shorter than the filaments; capsule nearly as long 
as the perianth, oboyoid, obtuse or retuse at apex, 
tipped with the base of the style; seed }//-'(’” in 
length, obliquely oblong, acute or abruptly apiculate 
at both ends, reticulate in about 16 longitudinal rows, 
the reticulations smooth and two or three times 
broader than long. 
In the sphagnum bogs of Newfoundland. Resembling in appearance specimens of /. effusus 
with congested inflorescence. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 
3. Juncus filiformis L. Thread Rush. (Fig. 921.) 
Juncus filiformts 1,. Sp. Pl. 326. 1753. 
Perennial, stems 4/—25/ tall, erect, about 14’ in dia- 
meter, arising from a creeping rootstock; basal leaves 
reduced to bladeless sheaths; involucral leaf usually 
longer than the stem; inflorescence rarely with more 
than 20 flowers or more than 1’ high, commonly with 
less than 8 flowers and less than 10’ high; perianth 
14/’/-13/’’ long, its parts nearly equal, green with 
hyaline margins, narrowly lanceolate, acute, or the 
inner obtuse; stamens 6, about half as long as the 
perianth; anthers shorter than the filaments; style 
very short; capsule obovoid, green, barely pointed, 
about three-fourths as long as the perianth, 3-celled; 
seed obliquely oblong, about %/’’ long, pointed at 
either end, with an irregularly wrinkled coat, seldom 
developing reticulations. 
Labrador to British Columbia, south to the mountains 
of Pennsylvania, to Michigan, and in the Rocky Moun- 
tains to Utah and Colorado. Also in Europe and Asia. 
4. Juncus gymnocarpus Coville. Pennsylvania Rush. (Fig. 922.) 
Juncus Smithii Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2: 444. 
1866. Not Kunth, 1841. 
J. gymnocarpus Coville, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 106. 1894. 
Stems erect, 1°-2'4° high, about 1’ thick, arising 
at intervals from a creeping proliferous rootstock 
about 114’ in diameter; basal leaves reduced to blade- 
less clasping sheaths; panicle commonly 7’/-15/’ high, 
spreading, its subtending leaf usually 4’-10’ long; 
perianth 1’ in length or a little less, its parts with a 
green midrib, equal, lanceolate, the outer acute, the 
inner obtuse; stamens 6, nearly as long as the peri- 
anth, the anthers shorter than the filaments; capsule 
almost twice as long as the perianth, broadly ovoid, 
conspicuously mucronate, brown and shining, barely 
dehiscent, 3-celled; seed obliquely obovoid or oblong, 
somewhat misshapen by compression in the capsule, 
about 4%’ long, none with perfect markings seen. 
In swamps, mountains of Schuylkill and Lebanon 
counties, Pennsylvania. 
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