392 JUNCACEAE. 
29g. Juncus nodosus L. Knotted Rush. (Fig. 947.) 
Juncus nodosus I,. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 466. 1762. 
Stems 6’-2° high, erect, arising singly from tuber- 
like thickenings of a slender, nearly scaleless root- 
stock; stem leaves 2-4, and like the basal ones 
with long erect blades, the upper overtopping the 
inflorescence; panicle shorter than its lowest bract, 
seldom exceeding 214’, bearing 1-30 heads; heads 
spherical, several-many-flowered, 314//-6’’ in di- 
ameter; perianth 1?//-13/’’ long, its parts lanceo- 
late-subulate, usually reddish brown above, the 
inner longer than the outer; stamens 6, about one- : 
half as long as the perianth; anthers equalling the 
filaments; capsule lanceolate-subulate, 3-sided, 1- 
celled, exceeding the perianth; seed oblong, acute 
below, apiculate above, rarely more than }/’ long, 
reticulate in 20-30 rows, the areolae finely cross- 
lined. 
Nova Scotia to Virginia, Nebraska and British Colum- 
bia. Also in Nevada. 
30. Juncus Torreyi Coville. Torrey’s Rush. (Fig. 948.) 
Juncus Torreyi Coville, Bull. Torr. Club, 22: 303. 1895. 
J. nodosus var. megacephalus Torr, Fl. N. Y. 2: 326. 1843. 
Juncus megacephalus Wood, Bot. Ed. 2, 724. 1861. Not 
J. megacephalus M. A. Curtis, 1835. 
Stems 8’—-40’ high; rootstock slender, with tuberi- 
form thickenings at intervals of a few centimeters, 
each supporting a single stem; stem stout, 1-4-leaved; 
blade stout, terete, 5-1’ thick, abruptly divergent 
from the stem; inflorescence congested, consisting of 
I-20 heads, exceeded by its lowest bract; heads 5//-8’’ 
in diameter; perianth 2’/-214’’ long, its parts subulate, 
the outer longer than the inner; stamens 6, about 
half as long as the perianth; capsule subulate, 3-sided, 
1-celled, its beak %’/-34’’ long, exceeding the peri- 
anth and holding the valves together throughout de- 
hiscence; seed }//-4’’ in length, cblong, acute at 
both ends, reticulate in about 20 longitudinal rows, the 
areolae finely cross-lined. 
Western New York to Texas and the Pacific Coast. 
31. Juncus Caesariénsis Coville. New Jersey Rush. (Fig. 949.) 
J. Caesariensis Coville, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 106. 1894. 
Juncus asper Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2: 478. 
1868. Not Sauzé, 1864. 
Stems 20’—40’ high, stout, erect, 14/’ in thickness, 
slightly roughened; basal leaves few, the uppermost, 
like the cauline, with inconspicuously articulate 
sheaths and long erect terete roughened blades; inflor- 
escence 1’-4’ high, with spreading branches, its low- 
est bract with a small blade sometimes 114’ long; 
heads 2-5-flowered; perianth 2’’-214’’ long, the parts 
lanceolate-acuminate, stiff, green, striate, the inner 
longer than the outer; stamens 6, about half as long 
as the perianth; filaments about equalling the an- 
thers; style and stigmas long; capsule lanceolate-ob- 
long, 3-sided, mucronate-acuminate, incompletely 
3-celled; seed tailed at both ends, altogether about 1// 
long, the body about 2’’ long, closely striate, almost 
devoid of transverse lines. 
Sandy swamps of southern New Jersey. 
