394 JUNCACEAE. 
35. Juncus megacéphalus M. A. Curtis. Carolina Rush. (Fig. 953.) 
Juncus megacephalus M. A. Curtis, Bost. Journ, Nat. Hist. 
I: 132. 1835. 
Juncus scirpoides var. echinatus Engelm. Trans. St. Louis 
Acad. 2: 468. 1868. 
Stems 1°-3° high, tufted from a branching root- 
stock, stout, 2-3-leaved. Leaves with auricled sheaths, 
the blades of the basal 8’ long or less, those of the 
stem with successively shorter blades, the uppermost 
rarely 10’’ in length; inflorescence 6’ high or less, its 
lowest leaf almost bladeless, the others scarious; pan- 
icle of 1-40 heads; heads spherical, 4’’-6’ in diameter; 
perianth 114’/-13;/’ long, its parts subulate, the outer 
longer than the inner; stamens 3, half to two-thirds 
the length of the inner perianth-parts; anthers in- 
cluded, shorter than the filameuts; capsule subulate, 
beaked, equalling the perianth, 3-sided, 1-celled; seed 
oblong, }/’/-%’’ long, acute at either end, reticulate in 
I2-I4 rows, the areolae smooth. 
Virginia ? North Carolina to Florida. 
36. Juncus Suche csanaids (Engelm.) Buch. Small-headed Rush. (Fig. 954.) 
Juncus brachycephalus Buch. in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 12: 
268. 1890. 
Juncus Canadensis var. brachycephalus Engelm. Trans. 
St. Louis Acad. 2: 474. 1868. 
Stems 1°-2'4° high, tufted from a branching root- 
stock, erect or occasionally reclining and rooting at 
the nodes, 2-4-leaved; leaves all with well developed 
blades, the lower commonly 4/-S’ long; inflorescence 
commonly 21!4/-6/ high, with spreading branches, its 
lowest bract foliose; heads top-shaped, 2~-5-flowered; 
perianth 1//-14’’ long, its parts green, or reddish 
brown above, with hyaline margins, lanceolate, obtuse 
or sometimes acute, the outer shorter than the inner; 
stamens 3; anthers much shorter than the filaments; 
capsule reddish brown, about one-half longer than the 
perianth, ovoid-oblong, acute to obtuse, tipped, 3-sided, 
I-celled; seed %//-%”’ long, with narrowly oblong 
body, short-tailed at either end, 20-30 ribbed, somewhat 
cross-barred, the intervening spaces finely cross-lined. 
New York to Pennsylvania, Illinois and Wisconsin. 
37. Juncus Canadénsis J. Gay. Canada Rush. (Fig. 955.) 
J. Canadensis J. Gay; Laharpe, Monog. Jone. 134. 1825 
Juncus Canadensis longicaudatus Engelm. Trans. St. 
Louis Acad. 2: 474. 1868. 
Stems 1°-4° high, erect, stout, 2-4-leaved, few in a 
tuft, from a branched rootstock. Basal leaves usually 
decayed at flowering-time; stem leaves with large loose 
auriculate sheaths commonly 2/—4’ long, and a stout 
erect blade usually 4/-10’ long; panicle 3/-10’ in 
height, the branches moderately spreading; heads 
usually crowded, top-shaped to hemispheric or sub- 
spheric, 5-40-flowered; perianth 1'4’/-2’ long, the 
parts narrowly lanceolate, acute, the inner longer 
than the outer; stamens 3, one-half to two-thirds as 
long as the perianth, anthers much shorter than the 
filaments; capsule lanceolate, acute, mucronate, 3- 
sided, 1-celled, reddish-brown, exceeding the perianth 
by %” or less; seed 14’ to nearly 1/’ long, tailed at 
either end, the body with a smooth shining coat, 
about 4o-striate. 
New Brunswick to Minnesota, Georgia and Louisiana. 
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