LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY FAMILY. 433 
2. Streptopus roseus Michx. Ses- 
sile-leaved Twisted-stalk. 
(Fig. 1038.) 
Streptopus roseus Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 201. 
1803. 
Plant 1°-2!4° high, from a short stout 
rootstock covered with fibrous roots. 
Branches sparingly pubescent; leaves 2/- 
434’ long, acuminate at the apex, sessile, 
rounded, or slightly clasping at the base, 
green on both sides, their margins finely 
ciliate; peduncles '%4/-1’ long, usually pu- 
bescent, 1-flowered, rarely 2-flowered; 
flowers purple or rose, 4/’-6’’ long; peri- 
anth-segments lanceolate, acuminate; an- 
thers 2-horned; style 3-cleft, the spreading 
branches stigmatic along the inner side; 
berry globose or oval, 5’’-6’’ in diameter. 
In moist woods, Labrador to Alaska, Geor- 
gia, Michigan and Oregon. Ascends to 5600 ft. 
in Virginia. May-July. 
7. POLYGONATUM Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 54. 1763. 
Glabrous or pubescent herbs, with thick, horizontal jointed and scarred rootstocks, 
simple arching or erect stems, scaly below, leafy above, the leaves ovate or lanceolate, ses- 
sile and alternate in our species (opposite or verticillate in some exotic ones). Flowers 
greenish or pinkish, axillary, drooping, peduncled, solitary or 2-10 in an umbel, the pedi- 
cels jointed at the base of the flower. Perianth tubular or oblong-cylindric or somewhat 
expanded above the base, 6-lobed, the short lobes not spreading. Stamens 6, included; 
filaments adnate to the perianth for half their length or more; anthers sagittate, introrse. 
Ovary 3-celled; ovules 2-6 in each cavity; style slender; stigma small, capitate or slightly 
3-lobed. Berry globular, pulpy, dark blue or nearly black, with a bloom, in our species. 
(Greek, in allusion to the jointed rootstocks ]. 
About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone. 
Leaves pubescent beneath; filaments filiform, roughened. 1. P. biforum. 
Plant glabrous throughout; filaments smooth, somewhat flattened. 2. P. commutatum. 
1. Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Hairy Solomon’s Seal. (Fig. 1039. ) 
Convallaria biflora Walt. Fl. Car. 122. 1788. 
Polygonatum biflorum Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 
X49g.5 1817. 
Stem slender, glabrous, often zigzag 
above, 8/’-3° high. Leaves lanceolate, 
oval or ovate, 2/-4’ long, 1%4/-2’ wide, 
acute or acuminate at the apex, narrowed 
or sometimes obtuse at the base, pubes- 
cent especially on the veins and pale be- 
neath, glabrous above, the upper com- 
monly narrower than the lower; peduncles 
1-4-flowered (often 2-flowered), glabrous; 
perianth 4/’-6’’ long, about 114’ thick, 
filaments filiform, adnate to the perianth 
for about three-fourths its length, papil- 
lose-roughened; berry 3//-4’’ in diameter. 
In woods and thickets, New Brunswick to 
Ontario and Michigan, south to Florida and 
West Virginia. April-July. 
