SMILAX FAMILY. 441 
7. Smilax Pseudo-China L. Long- 
stalked Greenbrier. (Fig. 1056. ) 
Smilax Pseudo-China 1. Sp. Pl. 1031. 1753. 
Glabrous throughout, rootstock often bearing 
large tubers, stem terete, the branches angled. 
Lower part of the stem beset with straight 
needle-shaped prickles, the upper part and the 
branches mostly unarmed; ‘petioles 3//-12’’ 
long; leaves firm, or becoming quite leathery 
when old, green on both sides or occasionally 
glaucous beneath, ovate, often narrowed at 
about the middle or lobed at base; acute or cus- 
pidate at the apex, 7-9-nerved, 2'4’-5’ long, 
1'%4’-3%4’ wide, often denticulate on the mar- 
gins; peduncles flattened, 1/-3’ long, umbels 
12-40-flowered; pedicels 3/’-4’’ long; stamens 
6-10; anthers as long as the filaments or longer; 
berries black, 8-16 in the umbels, 2//-3’’ in 
diameter, 1-3-sceded, maturing the first year. 
In dry or sandy thickets, Maryland to Nebraska, 
south to Florida and Texas. March-Aug. 
8. Smilax Bona-nox L. Bristly Greenbrier. (Fig. 1057.) 
Smilax Bona-nox I,. Sp. Pl. 1030. 1753- 
Smilax hastata Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 782. 1806. 
Smilax tamnotdes A. Gray, Man. 485. 1848. Not L. 
Rootstocks bearing large tubers, stem terete or 
slightly angled, the branches often 4-angled. 
Prickles scattered or numerous, stout or needle- 
like, often wanting on the branches; petioles 3//— 
6’’ long, often prickly; leaves thick, ovate or com- 
monly deltoid-hastate, sometimes narrowed at the 
middle, glabrous, green and usually shining on 
both sides, often spiny on the margins and on the 
veins beneath, acute or abruptly cuspidate at the 
apex, obtuse, truncate or cordate at the base, 5-9- 
nerved, 144’-4'4’ long, 8’’-3’ wide; peduncles 
slender, flattened, 7//-15’/ long; umbels 15-45- 
flowered; pedicels 2/’-4’’ long; stigmas 1-3; ber- 
ries 8-20 in the umbels, 2’’—3/’ in diameter, mostly 
1-seeded, ripening the first year. 
In thickets, Massachusetts to Kansas, Florida and 
Texas. April-July. 
g- Smilax laurifolia I. lLaurel-leaved Greenbrier. (Fig. 1058.) 
Smilax laurifolia 1. Sp. Pl. 1030. 1753. 
Rootstocks bearing tubers sometimes 6/ thick, 
stem stout, high-climbing, terete, striate, armed 
with strong straight prickles, the branches angled, 
mostly unarmed. Petioles stout, 3//-S’’ long; 
leaves leathery, evergreen, elliptic or oblong- 
lanceolate, acute or abruptly cuspidate at the apex, 
narrowed at the base, entire, 3-nerved, or somie- 
times with an additional pair of nerves near the 
margins, 2/-4%4’ long, '%/-2’ wide; peduncles 
stout, angled, 2’’-10’” long; umbels 6-30-flowered; 
pedicels 2’’-3’’ long; anthers usually about one- 
third shorter than the filaments; stigma 1, some- 
times 2; berries black, ovoid, 2’/-3/’ thick, not 
ripening until the second year. 
In moist woods and thickets, southern New Jersey 
to Florida and Texas, north in the Mississippi Valley 
to Arkansas. March-Sept. 
