BLOODWORT FAMILY. 443 
1. Gyrotheca capitata (Walt.) Morong. Red-root. (Fig. r1o6r.) 
Anonymo capitata Walt. F\. Car. 69. 1788. 
Gyrotheca tinctoria Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. 
te9327.  18i2: 
Lachnanthes tinctoria Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1: 
47. 1816. 
Gyrotheca capitata Morong. Bull. Torr. Club, 
20: 472. 1893. 
Stem 133°-2%° tall, glabrous below, pu- 
bescent or woolly above. Leaves 2//-5/’ 
wide, acuminate, the basal ones shorter 
than the stem, the upper reduced to bracts; 
panicle 27-5’ broad when expanded, dense 
and almost capitate when young, white- 
woolly; flowers 4’’-5’’ broad, bracteolate, 
the perianth yellow and glabrous within; 
style about as long as the stamens; pedicels 
stout, about as long as the capsule, rather 
shorter than the bractlets; capsule about 3/” 
in diameter. 
In swamps, eastern Massachusetts to New 
Jersey and Florida, mostly in pine barrens 
near the coast. Alsoin Cuba. July-Sept. 
Family 23. AMARYLLIDACEAE Lindl. Nat. Syst. Ed. 2: 328. 1836. 
AMARYLLIS FAMILY. 
Perennial herbs (some tropical species woody or even arboreous), with bulbs 
or rootstocks, scapose or sometimes leafy stems and usually narrow and entire 
leaves. Flowers perfect, regular or nearly so. Perianth 6-parted or 6-lobed, 
the segments or lobes distinct, or united below into a tube which is adnate to 
the surface of the ovary (adnate only to the lower part of the ovary in Lophzola). 
Stamens 6 in our genera, inserted on the bases of the perianth-segments or in 
the throat of the perianth opposite the lobes. Anthers versatile or basifixed, 
2-celled, the sacs usually longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary wholly or partly 
inferior, usually 3-celled. Style filiform, entire, lobed, or divided into 3 stig- 
mas at the summit. Ovules usually numerous, rarely only 1 or 2 in each cavity 
of the ovary, anatropous. Fruit capsular, rarely fleshy. Seeds mostly black, 
the embryo small, enclosed in fleshy endosperm. 
About 70 genera and 800 species, principally natives of tropical and warm regions, some in the 
temperate zones. 
Bulbous herbs with flowers on scapes. 
Flower solitary; perianth without a crown. 
Anthers versatile; tube of the perianth not greatly elongated, . Zephyranthes. 
Anthers erect; tube of the perianth several times the length of its lobes. x, Cooperia. 
Flowers clustered; perianth with a membranous crown connecting the lower parts of the fila- 
ments. 3. Hymenocallis. 
Bulbless herbs, with rootstocks or corms. 
Perianth adnate to the whole surface of the ovary; leaves mostly basal. 
Tall, fleshy-leaved; anthers versatile. 4. Agave. 
Low, linear-leaved; anthers not versatile. 5. Hypoxis. 
Perianth adnate only to the lower part of the ovary; stem leafy; flowers woolly. 6. Lophiola. 
1. ZEPHYRANTHES Herb. App. Bot. Reg. 36. 1821. 
Glabrous herbs with coated bulbs, narrow leaves, and erect 1-flowered scapes, the flower 
large, erect, pink, white or purple. Perianth funnelform, naked in the throat, with 6 mem- 
branous equal erect-spreading lobes united below into a tube, subtended by an entire or 2- 
cleft-bract. Stamens inserted on the throat of the perianth, equal or nearly so; anthers ver- 
satile. Ovary 3-celled; style long, filiform, 3-cleft at the summit; ovules numerous, in 2 
rows in each cavity of the ovary. Capsule thin-walled, subglobose or depressed, 3-lobed, 
loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds mostly flattened, black or nearly so. [Greek, signifying 
wind-flower. ] 
About 30 species, natives of America. Besides the following, 4 others occur in the southern 
United States. 
