466 ORCHIDACEAE. 
16. Habenaria grandiflora (Bigel.) Torr. Large Purple-fringed Orchis. 
(Fig. 1111.) 
Orchis grandiflora Bigel. F1. Bost. Ed. 2, 321. 1824. 
Orchis fimbriata Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 39. 1805. Not 
Dryand. 1789. 
Habenaria grandiflora Torr. Comp. 319. 1826. 
Habenaria fimbriata A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 503. 1867. 
Not R. Br. 1813. 
Stem 1°-5° high. Leaves oval or lanceolate, 4/-— 
10’ long, 10’’—3’ wide, obtuse, or the upper smaller 
and acute; raceme 3/-15’ long, sometimes 214’ 
thick, densely flowered; flowers lilac or purplish, 
sometimes white or nearly so, fragrant; upper 
sepal and petals erect, connivent; petals oblong or 
oblanceolate, more or less toothed, %’ long; lip 3- 
parted, 14’-1’ broad, about %4/ long, the segments 
broadly fan-shaped, copiously fringed to about the 
middle, anther-sacs divergent at the base; glands 
orbicular, turned inward; spur filiform, clavate, 
1/-1%4’ long. 
In rich woods and meadows, New Brunswick to On- 
tario and Michigan, south to North Carolina. June-Aug. 
17. Habenaria psycdodes (L,.) A. Gray. 
Smaller Purple-fringed Orchis. (Fig. 1112.) 
Orchis psycodes I,. Sp. Pl. 943. 1753. 
Orchis fimbriata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 297. 1789. 
Habenaria psycodes A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. 38: 310. 
1840. 
Stem rather slender, 1°-3° high. Leaves oval, 
elliptic or lanceolate, 2/-10’ long, 8’/-3’ wide, the 
upper smaller; raceme 2/’-6/ long, 1/-11%4’ thick, 
loosely or densely several-many-flowered; flowers 
lilac, rarely white, fragrant; lower sepals ovate, ob- 
tuse, about 4’ long, the upper one a little nar- 
rower; petals oblong or oblanceolate, toothed on 
the upper margin; lip 3-parted, 4/’-6’” broad, the 
segments fan-shaped and copiously fringed, the 
fringe of the middle segment shorter than that of 
the lateral ones; spur somewhat clavate at the apex, 
about 8’ long, longer than the ovary. 
In meadows, swamps and wet woods, Newfoundland 
to Minnesota, south to North Carolina and Indiana. 
Ascends to 6000 ft. in North Carolina. July-Aug. 
18. Habenaria peramoéna A. Gray. 
Fringeless Purple Orchis. (Fig. 1113.) 
Orchis fissa Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 589. 1814. Not 
Willd. 1805. : 
H. peramoena A. Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. 38: 310. 1840. 
Stem 1°-2'%4° high. Leaves elliptic or lanceo- 
late, 4’-8’ long, 14’-1 34’ wide, the upper gradually 
smaller; spike 2’/—-7’ long, 1’-214’ thick, densely or 
rather loosely many-flowered; flowers large, showy, 
violet-purple; lateral sepals round-oyate, 3//—4’’ 
long, the upper one smaller; petals smaller, round- 
obovate, clawed, entire, or slightly erose; lip 7//— 
10’ long, 3-parted, the segments fan-shaped, cut- 
toothed, not fringed, the middle one 2-lobed; spur 
about as long as the ovary, curved, clavate; anther- 
sacs widely divergent, little separated; glands or- 
bicular, oblique. 
In moist meadows, New Jersey to Illinois, Virginia 
and Kentucky. July—Aug. 
