ORCHID FAMILY. 469 
es ARETHUSA L. Spa Llgs0: « 11753- 
Low herbs, with small bulbs and mostly solitary flowers on bracted scapes, the solitary leaf 
linear, hidden at first in the upper bract, protruding after flowering. Sepals and petals about 
equal, connivent and hooded above, coherent below. Lip dilated and recurved-spreading at the 
apex, crested on the face with straight somewhat fleshy hairs, slightly gibbous at the base. 
Column adherent to the lip below, linear, narrowly winged and dilated at the summit. 
Anther operculate, of 2 approximated sacs incumbent upon the column; pollinia 4, 2 in each 
sac, powdery-granular. Capsule erect, ellipsoid, strongly angled. [Dedicated to the nymph 
Arethusa. ] / 
Two known species, the following occurring in 
North America, the other in Japan. 
i] 
1. Arethusa bulbdsa L. Arethusa. 
(Fig. 1119.) 
Arethusa bulbosa 1. Sp. Pl.950. 1753. 
Scape glabrous, 5’-10’ high, bearing 1-3 loose 
sheathing bracts. Leaf linear, many-nerved, be- 
coming 4/—6’ long; flower solitary (rarely 2), aris- 
ing from between a pair of small unequal scales, 
rose-purple, 1/-2’ high; sepals and petals linear to 
elliptic, obtuse, arched over the column; lip usually 
drooping beneath the sepals and petals, the apex | 
broad, rounded, often fringed or toothed, variegated 
with purplish blotches, bearded, crested down the 
face in three white hairy ridges; capsule about 1/ 
long, ellipsoid, strongly 6-ribbed, rarely maturing. 
In bogs, Newfoundland to Ontario and Minnesota, 
south to North Carolina and Indiana. May-June. 
6. EPIPACTIS R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, Be Foi, ashing 
Tall stout herbs with fibrous roots and simple leafy stems. Jeaves ovate or lanceolate, 
plicate, clasping. Flowers leafy-bracted, in terminal racemes. Sepals and petals all separ- 
ate. Spur none. Lip free, sessile, broad, concave below, constricted near the middle, the 
upper portion dilated and petal-like. Column short, erect. Anther operculate, borne on the 
margin of the clinandrium, erect, ovate or semiglobose, its sacs contiguous. Pollinia 2- 
parted, granulose, becoming attached to the glandular beak of the stigma. Capsule oblong, 
beakless. [Greek name for Helleborine. ] 
_About to species, widely distributed. Besides the following, another occurs in the western 
United States. 
1. Epipactis viridiflora (Hoffm.) Reichb. 
Helleborine. (Fig. 1120.) 
Serapias viridifiora Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. 2: 182. 1804. 
Epipactis latifolia var. viridifiora Irm. Linnaea, 16: 
451. 1842. 
Epipactis viridiflora Reichb. Fl. Exc. 134. 1830. 
Epipactis Helleborine A. Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 504. 1890 
Not Crantz. 1769. 
Stem 1°-2° high, glabrous below, pubescent 
above. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or acute, 
1%4/-3/ long, 9’’-114’ wide; flowers greenish yel- 
low to purple; pedicels 2’/-3’’ long; sepals 4//-5/” 
long, lanceolate; petals narrower; lip expanded 
into a slightly undulate apex, tapering to a point; 
bracts lanceolate, longer than the flowers. 
Near Toronto, Ontario; Syracuse and Buffalo, New 
York; the only American stations known. Widely 
distributed in Europe. Sometimes confounded with 
the European £. /a/zfolia, but differs in having the lip 
free from callosities, its apex acute, the sepals and 
petals longer and more tapering. July-Aug. 
