484 JUGLANDACEAE. 
2. Juglans cinérea I. Butternut. White 
Walnut. Oil-nut. (Fig. 1150.) 
Juglans cinerea I, Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1415. 1763. 
A forest tree, resembling the Black Walnut, but 
smaller, rarely over 100° high and 3° in trunk dia- 
meter, the bark gray, smoother, the twigs, petioles 
and leaflets viscid-pubescent, at least when young. 
Leaflets 11-19, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate at the 
apex, scarcely inequilateral, obtuse, rounded or trun- 
cate at the base, serrate with low teeth; drupes 
racemed, oblong, densely viscid-pubescent, 2’—3/ long 
and about one-half as thick, pointed; nut 4-ribbed, 
deeply sculptured, and with sharp longitudinal ridges, 
firmly adherent to the husk, 2-celled at the base. 
In rich or rocky woods. New Brunswick and Ontario to 
North Dakota, south to Delaware, in the Alleghenies to 
Georgia, to Mississippi and Arkansas. Ascends to 2500 ft. 
in Virginia. Wood soft, rather weak, light brown; weight 
per cubic foot 25 lbs. April-May. Fruit ripe Oct.-Nov. f 
2. HICORIA Raf. Med. Rep. (II.) 5: 352. 1808. 
[CARYA Nutt. Gen. 2: 221. 1818.] 
Trees, with close or shaggy bark, odd-pinnate leaves and serrate or serrulate leaflets. 
Staminate flowers in slender drooping aments, borne in 3’s on a common peduncle at the 
base of the shoots of the season, or clustered and sessile or nearly so in the axils of leaf- 
scars at the summit of twigs of the preceding year; calyx adnate to the bract, 2-3-lobed or 
2-3-cleft; stamens 3-10; filaments short. Pistillate flowers 2-6, together on a terminal pedun- 
cle; bract fugacious or none; calyx 4-toothed; petals none; styles 2 or 4, papillose or fimbri- 
ate, short. Fruit subglobose, oblong or obovoid, the husk separating more or less com- 
pletely into 4 valves; nut bony, smooth or angled, incompletely 2-4-celled; seed sweet and 
delicious or very bitter and astringent. [From the aboriginal name Hicori. } 
About 10 species, natives of eastern North America, one in Mexico. 
Bud-scales valvate; lateral leaflets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, falcate. 
Nut not compressed or angled; seed sweet. 1. Hf. Pecan, 
Nut somewhat compressed or angled; seed intensely bitter. 
Leaflets 7-9; nut smooth. 2. H. minima. 
Leaflets 9-13; nut angled. 3. Hl. aquatica. 
Bud-scales imbricate; lateral leaflets not falcate. 
Husk of the fruit freely splitting to the base; middle lobe of the staminate calyx at least twice 
as long as the lateral ones. 
Bark shaggy, separating in long plates; foliage glabrous or puberulent. 
Leaflets 5 (rarely 7); nut rounded at the base, 6’’-10'' long. 4. HI. ovata, 
Leaflets 7-9; nut usually pointed at both ends, 1'-1s' long. 5. Hf. laciniosa. 
Bark close, rough; foliage very pubescent and fragrant. 6. 1. alba. 
Husk of fruit thin, not freely splitting to the base; lobes of the staminate calyx nearly equal. 
Lateral leaflets ovate-lanceolate, not falcate; fruit rounded or scarcely ridged. f 
Fruit nearly globular; nut thin-shelled; bark shaggy. wie 7 Hf. microcarpa. 
Fruit obovoid; nut thick-shelled; bark close. lee, SR ee 8. H. glabra. 
Zt. Hicoria Pecan (Marsh.) Britton. Pecan. 
f (Fig. 1151.) 
7 Juglans Pecan Marsh. Arb. Am. 69. 1785. 
Carya olivaeformis Nutt. Gen. 2: 221. 1818. 
Hicoria Pecan Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 15: 282. 1888. 
A large slender tree, with somewhat roughened bark, 
maximum height of 170° and trunk diameter 6°. Young 
twigs and leaves pubescent; mature foliage nearly gla- 
brous; bud-scales few, small, valvate; leaflets 11-15, fal- 
cate, oblong-lanceolate, short-stalked, inequilateral, acu- 
minate, 4’-7’ long; staminate aments sessile or nearly so 
in the axils of leaf-scars near the end of twigs of the pre- 
ceding season or sometimes on the young shoots, 5’-6% 
long; middle lobe of the staminate calyx linear, much 
longer than the broadly oblong lateral ones; fruit oblong- 
cylindric, 114/-2'4’ long; husk thin, 4-valved; nut smooth, 
oblong, thin-shelled, pointed, 2-celled at base, dissepi- 
ments thin, very astringent; seed delicious. 
In moist soil, especially along streams, Indiana to Iowa and 
Missouri, south to Kentucky and Texas. Wood hard, brittle, 
light brown; weight 45 lbs. April-May. Fruit ripe Sept.-Oct. 
als 
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