496 SALICACEAF. 
5. Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow. 
Brittle Willow. (Fig. 1177.) 
Salix fragilis I, Sp. Pl. 1017. 1753. 
A tall, slender tree, with roughish gray bark, 
attaining a maximum height of about 80° and a 
trunk diameter of 7°, twigs reddish green, very 
brittle at the base. Leaves lanceolate, long-acu- 
minate, narrowed at the base, sharply serrulate, 
glabrous on both sides, rather dark green above, 
paler beneath, 3’-6’ long, 4’-1’ wide; glandu- 
lar at the base of the blade; petioles 3/-8’’ long, 
glandular above; stipules semicordate, fugacious; 
staminate aments 1/—2/ long; stamens 2, or some- 
times 3-4; filaments pubescent below, distinct; 
pistillate aments 3/-5/ long in fruit, rather loose; 
stigmas nearly sessile; capsule long-conic, gla- 
brous, 214//-3’” long, short-pedicelled. 
Escaped from cultivation, MassachuseettS to 
New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Native of Europe. 
Hybridizes with the following species. The twigs 
break away and grow into new plants. April-May. 
Salix fragilis decipiens (Hoffm.) Anders., with yellowish or red twigs and smaller brighter green 
leaves, appears to be known only in cultivation within our area. 
6. Salix alba L. White Willow. 
Huntingdon Willow. (Fig. 1178.) 
Salix alba Y,. Sp. Pl. 1021. 1753. 
A large tree, sometimes 90° tall and a trunk diam- ' 
eter of 8°; bark gray, rough; twigs brittle at the 
base. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute 
or acuminate, narrowed at the base, serrulate, silky- 
pubescent on both sides when young, less so and pale 
or glaucous beneath when mature, 2/-414/ long, 4//— 
8’’ wide; stipules ovate-lanceolate, deciduous; peti- 
oles 2’’-4/’ long, glandless or sparingly glandular; 
aments on short lateral leafy branches; scales decid- 
uous; stamens 2; filaments distinct, pubescent at the 
base; pistillate aments linear-cylindric, 114/-214’ 
long; stigmas nearly sessile; capsule ovoid, acute, 
glabrous, short-pedicelled or sessile. 
In moist soil, especially along streams, New Bruns- 
wick and Ontario to Pennsylvania, sparingly escaped 
from cultivation. Native of Europe. April-May. 
Salix alba coerulea (J. E. Smith) Koch, Dendr. 2: 512. 1869. BLUE WILLOW. 
Salix coerulea J. E. Smith, Engl. Bot. p/. 2437. 1801. 
Mature leaves bluish-green, glabrous, glaucous beneath. Occasional in the Eastern States. 
Salix alba vitellina (I,.) Koch, Dendr. 2: 512. 1869. GOLDEN OSIER. 
Salix vitellina I,. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, 1442. 1763. y 
Mature leaves glabrous above; twigs yellowish-green. The commonest form in North America. 
7. Salix Babylonica L. Weeping Willow. 
Ring Willow. (Fig. 1179.) 
Salix Babylonica Y,. Sp. Pl. 1017. 1753- 
A large tree, with rough gray bark, sometimes at- 
taining a height of 70° and a trunk diameter of 6°, the 
twigs slender, green, elongated, drooping. Leaves 
narr6wly lanceolate, long-acuminate at the apex, ser- 
rulate all around, narrowed at the base, sparsely pubes- 
cent when young, glabrous when mature, green 
above, paler beneath, 4’-7’ long, 3’’-6’” wide, some- 
times curling into rings; petioles 3//-6’’ long, glandu- 
lar above; aments appearing on short lateral leafy 
branches; scales ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, deciduous; 
stamens 2; style almost none; capsule ovoid-conic, 
sessile, glabrous. 
Widely cultivated and sometimes spreading by the dis- 
tribution of its twigs. Native of Asia. April-May. 
